Fetal hydantoin syndrome: Difference between revisions
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'''Fetal hydantoin syndrome''' is a group of defects caused to the developing fetus by exposure to the teratogenic effects of [[phenytoin]]. Dilantin is the [[brand name]] of the drug phenytoin sodium in the [[United States]], commonly used in the treatment of [[epilepsy]]. | '''Fetal hydantoin syndrome''' is a group of defects caused to the developing fetus by exposure to the teratogenic effects of [[phenytoin]]. Dilantin is the [[brand name]] of the drug phenytoin sodium in the [[United States]], commonly used in the treatment of [[epilepsy]]. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
===Genetics=== | |||
Association with [[EPHX1]] has been suggested.<ref>{{OMIM|132810}}</ref> | Association with [[EPHX1]] has been suggested.<ref>{{OMIM|132810}}</ref> | ||
== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
About one third of children whose mothers are taking this drug during pregnancy typically have [[Small for gestational age|intrauterine growth restriction]] with [[microcephaly]] and develop minor dysmorphic craniofacial features and limb defects including hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges ([[birth defects]]). A smaller population will have growth problems and [[developmental delay]], or [[mental retardation]]. Rare side effects include methemoglobinemia. | About one third of children whose mothers are taking this drug during pregnancy typically have [[Small for gestational age|intrauterine growth restriction]] with [[microcephaly]] and develop minor dysmorphic craniofacial features and limb defects including hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges ([[birth defects]]). A smaller population will have growth problems and [[developmental delay]], or [[mental retardation]]. Rare side effects include methemoglobinemia. | ||
Revision as of 20:30, 30 July 2012
| Fetal hydantoin syndrome | |
 | |
|---|---|
| Phenytoin | |
| ICD-10 | Q86.1 |
| ICD-9 | 760.77 |
| OMIM | 132810 |
| DiseasesDB | 33179 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: Congenital hydantoin syndrome; Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome; Dilantin Embryopathy; Phenytoin Embryopathy; Fetal dilantin syndrome
Overview
Fetal hydantoin syndrome is a group of defects caused to the developing fetus by exposure to the teratogenic effects of phenytoin. Dilantin is the brand name of the drug phenytoin sodium in the United States, commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy.
Pathophysiology
Genetics
Association with EPHX1 has been suggested.[1]
Diagnosis
About one third of children whose mothers are taking this drug during pregnancy typically have intrauterine growth restriction with microcephaly and develop minor dysmorphic craniofacial features and limb defects including hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges (birth defects). A smaller population will have growth problems and developmental delay, or mental retardation. Rare side effects include methemoglobinemia.
Heart defects[citation needed] and cleft lip[2] may also be featured.
References
- ↑ Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 132810
- ↑ Easton JD (1972). "Potential hazards of hydantoin use". Ann. Intern. Med. 77 (6): 998–9. PMID 4644176. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)