Kanamycin: Difference between revisions
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{{ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Kanamycin}} | |||
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==Overview== | |||
| | '''Kanamycin sulfate''' ® is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]], available in both [[Wiktionary:oral|oral]] and [[intravenous]] forms, and used to treat a wide variety of[[infection]]s. Kanamycin is isolated from ''Streptomyces kanamyceticus''. | ||
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| | ==Category== | ||
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| | ==US Brand Names== | ||
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| | ==FDA Package Insert== | ||
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| | ''' [[Kanamycin description|Description]]''' | ||
| | '''| [[Kanamycin clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]''' | ||
| | '''| [[Kanamycin microbiology|Microbiology]]''' | ||
| | '''| [[Kanamycin indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]''' | ||
| | '''| [[Kanamycin contraindications|Contraindications]]''' | ||
'''| [[Kanamycin warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]''' | |||
{{ | '''| [[Kanamycin adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]''' | ||
'''| [[Kanamycin drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[Kanamycin overdosage|Overdosage]]''' | |||
'''| [[Kanamycin clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]''' | |||
'''| [[Kanamycin dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]''' | |||
'''| [[Kanamycin how supplied|How Supplied]]''' | |||
'''| [[Kanamycin labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]''' | |||
==Mechanism of Action== | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Antibiotics]] | |||
[[Category:Wikinfect]] | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Kanamycin works by affecting the [[30S]] ribosomal subunit and causing a [[frameshift mutation]] or it prevents the [[translation]] of [[RNA]]. This means that instead of a [[codon]] CAT (for example in sequence CATG), a codon ATG is read by [[aminoacyl tRNA]] (aa-tRNA). Aminoacyl tRNA is consequently carrying a different [[amino acid]], because the [[anticodon]] on the aa-tRNA is different. The [[protein]] needed cannot be synthesized: depending on the site and severity of the frame shift, either a completely different protein is synthesized, or a protein similar to the one needed is synthesized, but is [[Protein folding|folded]] incorrectly. | Kanamycin works by affecting the [[30S]] ribosomal subunit and causing a [[frameshift mutation]] or it prevents the [[translation]] of [[RNA]]. This means that instead of a [[codon]] CAT (for example in sequence CATG), a codon ATG is read by [[aminoacyl tRNA]] (aa-tRNA). Aminoacyl tRNA is consequently carrying a different [[amino acid]], because the [[anticodon]] on the aa-tRNA is different. The [[protein]] needed cannot be synthesized: depending on the site and severity of the frame shift, either a completely different protein is synthesized, or a protein similar to the one needed is synthesized, but is [[Protein folding|folded]] incorrectly. | ||
A bacterium is destroyed because it cannot produce any of its proteins correctly. | A bacterium is destroyed because it cannot produce any of its proteins correctly. | ||
Revision as of 15:32, 6 January 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Kanamycin sulfate ® is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, available in both oral and intravenous forms, and used to treat a wide variety ofinfections. Kanamycin is isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus.
Category
US Brand Names
FDA Package Insert
Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Microbiology | Indications and Usage | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions | Overdosage | Clinical Studies | Dosage and Administration | How Supplied | Labels and Packages
Mechanism of Action
References
Pharmacology
Kanamycin works by affecting the 30S ribosomal subunit and causing a frameshift mutation or it prevents the translation of RNA. This means that instead of a codon CAT (for example in sequence CATG), a codon ATG is read by aminoacyl tRNA (aa-tRNA). Aminoacyl tRNA is consequently carrying a different amino acid, because the anticodon on the aa-tRNA is different. The protein needed cannot be synthesized: depending on the site and severity of the frame shift, either a completely different protein is synthesized, or a protein similar to the one needed is synthesized, but is folded incorrectly. A bacterium is destroyed because it cannot produce any of its proteins correctly.
Because of over-usage of antibiotics many bacteria have developed a resistance against kanamycin, and, consequently, it is not used much anymore.
Side effects
Common side effects include changes in hearing (either hearing loss or ringing in the ears), toxicity to kidneys, and allergic reactions to the drug.
Use in Research
Genes encoding kanamycin resistance are commonly used as selectable markers in molecular biology.
Template:Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents Template:AminoglycosideAntiBiotics