Typhoid fever pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

	Typhoid fever Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Typhoid fever from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
X ray
CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other diagnostic tests
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Typhoid fever pathophysiology On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Typhoid fever pathophysiology All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Typhoid fever pathophysiology
CDC on Typhoid fever pathophysiology
Typhoid fever pathophysiology in the news
Blogs on Typhoid fever pathophysiology
Directions to Hospitals Treating Typhoid fever
Risk calculators and risk factors for Typhoid fever pathophysiology

VisualWikitext

Revision as of 20:13, 30 August 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Pathophysiology

Innoculation

Orofecal transmission
Infective dose 1000 to 1 million

Gastrointestinal Infection

Stomach

Enters stomach
High tolerance for acid
Survives PH as low as 1.5

Small intestine

Adherence to mucosal cells
Invade mucosal M cells overlying payers patches
Internalisation in M cells
Translocation to underlying lymphoid tissue and draining lymph nodes

Systemic spread

Chronic carrier state

Heterozygous advantage

It is thought that cystic fibrosis may have risen to its present levels (1 in 1600 in UK) due to the heterozygous advantage that it confers against typhoid fever. The CFTR protein is present in both the lungs and the intestinal epithelium, and the mutant cystic fibrosis form of the CFTR protein prevents entry of the typhoid bacterium into the body through the intestinal epithelium.

References

Template:WH

Template:WS

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 == Pathophysiology ==
+<br><br>
-Flying insects feeding on feces may occasionally transfer the bacteria through poor hygiene habits and public sanitation conditions. Public education campaigns encouraging people to wash their hands after toileting and before handling food are an important component in controlling spread of the disease. According to statistics from the United States [[Centers for Disease Control]], the [[chlorination]] of drinking water has led to dramatic decreases in the transmission of typhoid fever in the U.S.
+{{Family tree/start}}
-A person may become an [[asymptomatic carrier]] of typhoid fever, suffering no symptoms, but capable of infecting others. According to the [[Centers for Disease Control]] approximately 5% of people who contract typhoid continue to carry the disease after they recover.
+{{Family tree | | | | A01 | | | |A01=  '''Innoculation'''
+:*Orofecal transmission
+:*Infective dose 1000 to 1 million
+}}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | B01 | | | |B01= '''Gastrointestinal Infection'''
+'''''Stomach'''''
+:*Enters stomach
+:*High tolerance for acid
+:*Survives PH as low as 1.5
+'''''Small intestine'''''
+:*Adherence to mucosal cells
+:*Invade mucosal M cells overlying payers patches
+:*Internalisation in M cells
+:*Translocation to underlying lymphoid tissue and draining lymph nodes
+:*
+}}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | B01 | | | |B01= '''Systemic spread'''}}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | |!| | | | | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | B01 | | | |B01= '''Chronic carrier state'''}}
+{{Family tree/end}}
 == Heterozygous advantage ==