Rheumatoid arthritis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk factors== | ==Risk factors== | ||
*'''Cigarette smoking''' is a strong risk factor for developing RA. The duration of smoking and not the number of packs of cigarettes smoked daily co-related strongly with increased risk of RA.<ref name="pmid10323446">{{cite journal |author=Karlson EW, Lee IM, Cook NR, Manson JE, Buring JE, Hennekens CH |title=A retrospective cohort study of cigarette smoking and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in female health professionals |journal=[[Arthritis and Rheumatism]] |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=910–7 |year=1999 |month=May |pmid=10323446 |doi=10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5<910::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-D |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5<910::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-D |accessdate=2012-04-25}}</ref> | *'''Cigarette smoking''' is a strong risk factor for developing RA. The duration of smoking and not the number of packs of cigarettes smoked daily co-related strongly with increased risk of RA.<ref name="pmid10323446">{{cite journal |author=Karlson EW, Lee IM, Cook NR, Manson JE, Buring JE, Hennekens CH |title=A retrospective cohort study of cigarette smoking and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in female health professionals |journal=[[Arthritis and Rheumatism]] |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=910–7 |year=1999 |month=May |pmid=10323446 |doi=10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5<910::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-D |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5<910::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-D |accessdate=2012-04-25}}</ref> | ||
*Gender | |||
**The lifetime risk of RA in adults is 3.6 % for women and 1.7% for men.<ref name="pmid21360492">{{cite journal |author=Crowson CS, Matteson EL, Myasoedova E, ''et al.'' |title=The lifetime risk of adult-onset rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory autoimmune rheumatic diseases |journal=[[Arthritis and Rheumatism]] |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=633–9 |year=2011 |month=March |pmid=21360492 |pmc=3078757 |doi=10.1002/art.30155 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.30155 |accessdate=2012-04-25}}</ref> | |||
*Race | *Race | ||
**Some Native American groups have higher prevalence rates (5-6%) and black persons from the Caribbean region have lower prevalence rates. First-degree relatives prevalence rate is 2-3% and disease genetic concordance in [[Twin#Identical twins|monozygotic twins]] is approximately 12-15% compared to 3.5% in [[Dizygotic twins]].<ref name="pmid3820198">{{cite journal |author=Aho K, Koskenvuo M, Tuominen J, Kaprio J |title=Occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in a nationwide series of twins |journal=[[The Journal of Rheumatology]] |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=899–902 |year=1986 |month=October |pmid=3820198 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2012-04-25}}</ref> | **Some Native American groups have higher prevalence rates (5-6%) and black persons from the Caribbean region have lower prevalence rates. First-degree relatives prevalence rate is 2-3% and disease genetic concordance in [[Twin#Identical twins|monozygotic twins]] is approximately 12-15% compared to 3.5% in [[Dizygotic twins]].<ref name="pmid3820198">{{cite journal |author=Aho K, Koskenvuo M, Tuominen J, Kaprio J |title=Occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in a nationwide series of twins |journal=[[The Journal of Rheumatology]] |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=899–902 |year=1986 |month=October |pmid=3820198 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2012-04-25}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 12:08, 22 August 2012
Template:Rehumatoid arthritis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Risk factors
- Cigarette smoking is a strong risk factor for developing RA. The duration of smoking and not the number of packs of cigarettes smoked daily co-related strongly with increased risk of RA.[1]
- Gender
- The lifetime risk of RA in adults is 3.6 % for women and 1.7% for men.[2]
- Race
- Some Native American groups have higher prevalence rates (5-6%) and black persons from the Caribbean region have lower prevalence rates. First-degree relatives prevalence rate is 2-3% and disease genetic concordance in monozygotic twins is approximately 12-15% compared to 3.5% in Dizygotic twins.[3]
- It is strongly associated with the inherited tissue type Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen HLA-DR4 (most specifically DR0401 and 0404) — hence family history is an important risk factor.[4]
References
- ↑ Karlson EW, Lee IM, Cook NR, Manson JE, Buring JE, Hennekens CH (1999). <910::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-D "A retrospective cohort study of cigarette smoking and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in female health professionals". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 42 (5): 910–7. doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5<910::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-D. PMID 10323446. Retrieved 2012-04-25. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Crowson CS, Matteson EL, Myasoedova E; et al. (2011). "The lifetime risk of adult-onset rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory autoimmune rheumatic diseases". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 63 (3): 633–9. doi:10.1002/art.30155. PMC 3078757. PMID 21360492. Retrieved 2012-04-25. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Aho K, Koskenvuo M, Tuominen J, Kaprio J (1986). "Occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in a nationwide series of twins". The Journal of Rheumatology. 13 (5): 899–902. PMID 3820198. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help);|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ↑ Arias MV, Domingues EV, Lozano RB, Flores CV, Peralta MM, Salinas CZ (2010). "Study of class I and II HLA alleles in 30 ecuadorian patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with alleles from healthy and affected subjects with other rheumatic diseases". Revista Brasileira De Reumatologia. 50 (4): 423–33. PMID 21125177. Retrieved 2012-04-25. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)