Hyperkalemia laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Hyperkalemia (AE) or Hyperkalaemia (BE) is an elevated blood level (above 5.0 mmol/L) of the electrolyte potassium. The prefix hyper- means high (contrast with hypo-, meaning low). The middle kal refers to kalium, which is Latin for potassium. The end portion of the word, -emia, means "in the blood". Extreme degrees of hyperkalemia are considered a medical emergency due to the risk of potentially fatal arrhythmias.

Lab tests

Initial

• Calcium
• Phosphate
• Magnesium
• Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine

Extensive Evaluation

• Cortisol
• Renin
• Aldosterone levels
• Transtubular potassium gradient (by assessing potassium+ secretion)