Achalasia classification: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Achalasia}} | {{Achalasia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:'''[[User:Rim Halaby|Rim Halaby]] | |||
==Overview== | |||
[[Achalasia]] is a swallowing disorder that mainly manifests in [[dysphagia]]. [[Achalasia]] is caused by failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and absence of [[peristalsis]] along the [[esophagus]]. Different patterns of abnormalities in [[peristalsis]] are detected by high resolution manometry and they are used in the classification of achalasia. The different types of achalasia are shown to have different response to therapies. <ref name="pmid18722376">{{cite journal| author=Pandolfino JE, Kwiatek MA, Nealis T, Bulsiewicz W, Post J, Kahrilas PJ| title=Achalasia: a new clinically relevant classification by high-resolution manometry. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2008 | volume= 135 | issue= 5 | pages= 1526-33 | pmid=18722376 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2008.07.022 | pmc=PMC2894987 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18722376 }} </ref> | |||
==Classification== | |||
===Chicago Classification by High-Resolution Manometry=== | |||
====Type I==== | |||
Type I achalasia is associated with minimal esophageal pressurization. | |||
====Type II==== | |||
Type II achalasia is associated with esophageal compressionMost likely to respond to any therapy. This type of achalasia is most likely to respond to therapy. | |||
====Type III==== | |||
Type III achalasia is associated with spasm. It carries a negative predictive response to therapy. <ref name="pmid18722376">{{cite journal| author=Pandolfino JE, Kwiatek MA, Nealis T, Bulsiewicz W, Post J, Kahrilas PJ| title=Achalasia: a new clinically relevant classification by high-resolution manometry. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2008 | volume= 135 | issue= 5 | pages= 1526-33 | pmid=18722376 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2008.07.022 | pmc=PMC2894987 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18722376 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:24, 15 July 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:Rim Halaby
Overview
Achalasia is a swallowing disorder that mainly manifests in dysphagia. Achalasia is caused by failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and absence of peristalsis along the esophagus. Different patterns of abnormalities in peristalsis are detected by high resolution manometry and they are used in the classification of achalasia. The different types of achalasia are shown to have different response to therapies. [1]
Classification
Chicago Classification by High-Resolution Manometry
Type I
Type I achalasia is associated with minimal esophageal pressurization.
Type II
Type II achalasia is associated with esophageal compressionMost likely to respond to any therapy. This type of achalasia is most likely to respond to therapy.
Type III
Type III achalasia is associated with spasm. It carries a negative predictive response to therapy. [1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pandolfino JE, Kwiatek MA, Nealis T, Bulsiewicz W, Post J, Kahrilas PJ (2008). "Achalasia: a new clinically relevant classification by high-resolution manometry". Gastroenterology. 135 (5): 1526–33. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.07.022. PMC 2894987. PMID 18722376.