Hypopituitarism causes: Difference between revisions
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** Single gene defect forms of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency | ** Single gene defect forms of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency | ||
* Acquired hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease) | * Acquired hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease) | ||
** [[Physical trauma| | ** [[Physical trauma|Trauma]] (e.g., skull base fracture) | ||
** [[Surgery]] (e.g., removal of pituitary neoplasm) | ** [[Surgery]] (e.g., removal of pituitary neoplasm) | ||
** [[Tumor]] - secretory and non-secretory (20%) [[Pituitary adenoma|pituitary]] or hypothalamic neoplasms, cause hypopituitarism by compressing the remaining tissue | ** [[Tumor]] - secretory and non-secretory (20%) [[Pituitary adenoma|pituitary]] or hypothalamic neoplasms, cause hypopituitarism by compressing the remaining tissue | ||
** [[Inflammation]] (e.g. [[sarcoidosis]] or autoimmune hypophysitis) | ** [[Inflammation]] (e.g. [[sarcoidosis]] or autoimmune hypophysitis) | ||
** [[Radiation]] (e.g., after cranial irradiation for childhood [[leukemia]]) | ** [[Radiation]] (e.g., after cranial irradiation for childhood [[leukemia]]) | ||
** [[Shock (medical)| | ** [[Shock (medical)|Shock]] | ||
*** ([[Sheehan's syndrome]] is hypopituitarism after heavy [[hemorrhage|bleeding]] in [[childbirth]]) | *** ([[Sheehan's syndrome]] is hypopituitarism after heavy [[hemorrhage|bleeding]] in [[childbirth]]) | ||
** [[Haemochromatosis|Hemochromatosis]] | ** [[Haemochromatosis|Hemochromatosis]] | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 13:36, 29 August 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
Common Causes
Hypopituitarism and panhypopituitarism can be congenital or acquired. A partial list of causes and forms:
- Congenital hypopituitarism
- Hypoplasia of the pituitary
- Isolated idiopathic congenital hypopituitarism
- Associated with other congenital syndromes and birth defects
- Septo-optic dysplasia
- Holoprosencephaly
- Chromosome 22 deletion syndrome
- Rapaport syndrome
- Single gene defect forms of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency
- Hypoplasia of the pituitary
- Acquired hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease)
- Trauma (e.g., skull base fracture)
- Surgery (e.g., removal of pituitary neoplasm)
- Tumor - secretory and non-secretory (20%) pituitary or hypothalamic neoplasms, cause hypopituitarism by compressing the remaining tissue
- Inflammation (e.g. sarcoidosis or autoimmune hypophysitis)
- Radiation (e.g., after cranial irradiation for childhood leukemia)
- Shock
- (Sheehan's syndrome is hypopituitarism after heavy bleeding in childbirth)
- Hemochromatosis
- other diseases.
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Changes in body weight
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Emotional disorders
- Empty Sella Syndrome
- Habitual exercise
- Head Trauma
- Hemochromatosis
- Infection
- Fungal
- Malaria
- Meningitis
- Syphillis
- Tuberculosis
- Ischemic nerosis of the pituitary
- Anticoagulant therapy
- Arteriosclerosis
- Arteritis temporalis
- Blood dyscrasias
- Brain Trauma
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Eclampsia
- Increased cranial pressure
- Sheehan's Syndrome
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Tumor
- Iatrogenic
- Parasellar tumor/pituitary compression
- Craniopharyngioma
- Chromophobe adenoma
- Intracranial cartoid branch aneurysm
- Lymphoma
- Meningioma
- Metasteses
- Optic nerve neuroma