Hypercalcemia overview: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypercalcemia}} | {{Hypercalcemia}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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* An increase in total plasma [[calcium]] concentration above 10.4 mg/dL signifies '''hypercalcemia''' | * An increase in total plasma [[calcium]] concentration above 10.4 mg/dL signifies '''hypercalcemia''' | ||
* Serum concentration is regulated through [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH), [[vitamin D]] and [[calcitonin]] | * Serum concentration is regulated through [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH), [[vitamin D]] and [[calcitonin]] | ||
==Historical Perspective== | |||
==Classification== | |||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
==Causes== | |||
==Differentiating Hypercalcemia from Other Diseases== | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
==Screening== | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===Diagnostic Criteria=== | |||
===History and Symptoms=== | |||
===Physical Examination=== | |||
===Laboratory Findings=== | |||
===Imaging Findings=== | |||
===Other Diagnostic Studies=== | |||
==Treatment== | |||
===Medical Therapy=== | |||
===Surgery=== | |||
===Prevention=== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | |||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
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{{WH}} | |||
Revision as of 11:55, 27 July 2016
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Hypercalcemia Microchapters |
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Case Studies |
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Hypercalcemia On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypercalcemia |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Hypercalcemia (in UK English Hypercalcaemia) is an elevated calcium level in the blood. (Normal range: 9-10.5 mg/dL or 2.2-2.6 mmol/L). It can be an asymptomatic laboratory finding, but because an elevated calcium level is often indicative of other diseases, a diagnosis should be undertaken if it persists. It can be due to excessive skeletal calcium release, increased intestinal calcium absorption, or decreased renal calcium excretion.
- Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the the body
- 99% of the calcium in the body is stored in the bone
- Calcium in the plasma is either ionized or protein-bound and readily available for use
- An increase in total plasma calcium concentration above 10.4 mg/dL signifies hypercalcemia
- Serum concentration is regulated through parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D and calcitonin