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{{ | '''Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''ADARB1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9143496">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mittaz L, Scott HS, Rossier C, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M, Antonarakis SE | title = Cloning of a human RNA editing deaminase (ADARB1) of glutamate receptors that maps to chromosome 21q22.3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 210–7 |date=Jul 1997| pmid = 9143496 | pmc = | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4655 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14759252">{{cite journal | vauthors = Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA | title = Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes | journal = Genome Biol | volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 209 |date=Feb 2004| pmid = 14759252 | pmc = 395743 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-209 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=104| accessdate = }}</ref> | ||
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| summary_text = This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in | | summary_text = This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region.<ref name="entrez"/> | ||
}} | }} | ||
ADAR2 requires the small molecule [[inositol hexakisphosphate]] (IP<sub>6</sub>) for proper function.<ref name="pmid16141067">{{cite journal | vauthors = Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT, Hill CP, Bass BL | title = Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing | journal = Science | volume = 309 | pages = 1534–39 |date=Sep 2005| pmid = 16141067 | doi = 10.1126/science.1113150 | issue = 5740 | pmc = 1850959 }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist| | {{reflist}} | ||
==External links== | |||
* {{UCSC gene info|ADARB1}} | |||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
{{refbegin | 2}} | {{refbegin | 2}} | ||
{{PBB_Further_reading | {{PBB_Further_reading | ||
| citations = | | citations = | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C |title=HIV-1 envelope gp120 and viral particles block adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26. |journal=Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. |volume=421 |issue= |pages= 185–92 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9330696 |doi= 10.1007/978-1-4757-9613-1_24|display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Melcher T, Maas S, Herb A |title=A mammalian RNA editing enzyme. |journal=Nature |volume=379 |issue= 6564 |pages= 460–4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8559253 |doi= 10.1038/379460a0 |display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=O'Connell MA, Gerber A, Keller W |title=Purification of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) involved in editing of brain glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 1 |pages= 473–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8995285 |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.1.473 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C |title=Adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26 is inhibited by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and viral particles. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=158 |issue= 8 |pages= 3721–9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9103436 |doi= |display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Lai F, Chen CX, Carter KC, Nishikura K |title=Editing of glutamate receptor B subunit ion channel RNAs by four alternatively spliced DRADA2 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminases. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=17 |issue= 5 |pages= 2413–24 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9111310 |doi= | pmc=232090 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Yang JH, Sklar P, Axel R, Maniatis T |title=Purification and characterization of a human RNA adenosine deaminase for glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA editing. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=94 |issue= 9 |pages= 4354–9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9113993 |doi=10.1073/pnas.94.9.4354 | pmc=20726 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Gerber A, O'Connell MA, Keller W |title=Two forms of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) generated by the insertion of an Alu cassette. |journal=RNA |volume=3 |issue= 5 |pages= 453–63 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9149227 |doi= | pmc=1369496 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Villard L, Tassone F, Haymowicz M |title=Map location, genomic organization and expression patterns of the human RED1 RNA editase. |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 135–45 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9330641 |doi=10.1007/BF02679972 |display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. |journal=Nature |volume=405 |issue= 6784 |pages= 311–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10830953 |doi= 10.1038/35012518 |display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Blanco J, Valenzuela A, Herrera C |title=The HIV-1 gp120 inhibits the binding of adenosine deaminase to CD26 by a mechanism modulated by CD4 and CXCR4 expression. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=477 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 123–8 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10899322 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01751-8 |display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Herrera C, Morimoto C, Blanco J |title=Comodulation of CXCR4 and CD26 in human lymphocytes. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 22 |pages= 19532–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11278278 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M004586200 |display-authors=etal}} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Maas S, Patt S, Schrey M, Rich A |title=Underediting of glutamate receptor GluR-B mRNA in malignant gliomas. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue= 25 |pages= 14687–92 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11717408 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.251531398 | pmc=64742 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Jayan GC, Casey JL |title=Increased RNA editing and inhibition of hepatitis delta virus replication by high-level expression of ADAR1 and ADAR2. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=76 |issue= 8 |pages= 3819–27 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11907222 |doi=10.1128/JVI.76.8.3819-3827.2002 | pmc=136091 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Jaikaran DC, Collins CH, MacMillan AM |title=Adenosine to inosine editing by ADAR2 requires formation of a ternary complex on the GluR-B R/G site. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 40 |pages= 37624–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12163487 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M204126200 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Jayan GC, Casey JL |title=Inhibition of hepatitis delta virus RNA editing by short inhibitory RNA-mediated knockdown of ADAR1 but not ADAR2 expression. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=76 |issue= 23 |pages= 12399–404 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12414985 |doi=10.1128/JVI.76.23.12399-12404.2002 | pmc=136899 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Slavov D, Gardiner K |title=Phylogenetic comparison of the pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase ADAR2 genes and transcripts: conservation and diversity in editing site sequence and alternative splicing patterns. |journal=Gene |volume=299 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 83–94 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12459255 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01016-8 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=104}} | |||
{{Carbon-nitrogen non-peptide hydrolases}} | |||
{{Enzymes}} | |||
{{Portal bar|Molecular and Cellular Biology|border=no}} | |||
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Revision as of 17:49, 29 August 2017
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| Location (UCSC) | n/a | n/a | |||||
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Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADARB1 gene.[1][2][3]
This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region.[3]
ADAR2 requires the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) for proper function.[4]
References
- ↑ Mittaz L, Scott HS, Rossier C, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M, Antonarakis SE (Jul 1997). "Cloning of a human RNA editing deaminase (ADARB1) of glutamate receptors that maps to chromosome 21q22.3". Genomics. 41 (2): 210–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4655. PMID 9143496.
- ↑ Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA (Feb 2004). "Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes". Genome Biol. 5 (2): 209. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-209. PMC 395743. PMID 14759252.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)".
- ↑ Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT, Hill CP, Bass BL (Sep 2005). "Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing". Science. 309 (5740): 1534–39. doi:10.1126/science.1113150. PMC 1850959. PMID 16141067.
External links
- Human ADARB1 genome location and ADARB1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
- Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, et al. (1997). "HIV-1 envelope gp120 and viral particles block adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 421: 185–92. doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9613-1_24. PMID 9330696.
- Melcher T, Maas S, Herb A, et al. (1996). "A mammalian RNA editing enzyme". Nature. 379 (6564): 460–4. doi:10.1038/379460a0. PMID 8559253.
- O'Connell MA, Gerber A, Keller W (1997). "Purification of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) involved in editing of brain glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1): 473–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.1.473. PMID 8995285.
- Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, et al. (1997). "Adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26 is inhibited by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and viral particles". J. Immunol. 158 (8): 3721–9. PMID 9103436.
- Lai F, Chen CX, Carter KC, Nishikura K (1997). "Editing of glutamate receptor B subunit ion channel RNAs by four alternatively spliced DRADA2 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminases". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (5): 2413–24. PMC 232090. PMID 9111310.
- Yang JH, Sklar P, Axel R, Maniatis T (1997). "Purification and characterization of a human RNA adenosine deaminase for glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA editing". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (9): 4354–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.9.4354. PMC 20726. PMID 9113993.
- Gerber A, O'Connell MA, Keller W (1997). "Two forms of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) generated by the insertion of an Alu cassette". RNA. 3 (5): 453–63. PMC 1369496. PMID 9149227.
- Villard L, Tassone F, Haymowicz M, et al. (1997). "Map location, genomic organization and expression patterns of the human RED1 RNA editase". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 23 (2): 135–45. doi:10.1007/BF02679972. PMID 9330641.
- Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, et al. (2000). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21". Nature. 405 (6784): 311–9. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953.
- Blanco J, Valenzuela A, Herrera C, et al. (2000). "The HIV-1 gp120 inhibits the binding of adenosine deaminase to CD26 by a mechanism modulated by CD4 and CXCR4 expression". FEBS Lett. 477 (1–2): 123–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01751-8. PMID 10899322.
- Herrera C, Morimoto C, Blanco J, et al. (2001). "Comodulation of CXCR4 and CD26 in human lymphocytes". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19532–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004586200. PMID 11278278.
- Maas S, Patt S, Schrey M, Rich A (2002). "Underediting of glutamate receptor GluR-B mRNA in malignant gliomas". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (25): 14687–92. doi:10.1073/pnas.251531398. PMC 64742. PMID 11717408.
- Jayan GC, Casey JL (2002). "Increased RNA editing and inhibition of hepatitis delta virus replication by high-level expression of ADAR1 and ADAR2". J. Virol. 76 (8): 3819–27. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.8.3819-3827.2002. PMC 136091. PMID 11907222.
- Jaikaran DC, Collins CH, MacMillan AM (2002). "Adenosine to inosine editing by ADAR2 requires formation of a ternary complex on the GluR-B R/G site". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (40): 37624–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204126200. PMID 12163487.
- Jayan GC, Casey JL (2002). "Inhibition of hepatitis delta virus RNA editing by short inhibitory RNA-mediated knockdown of ADAR1 but not ADAR2 expression". J. Virol. 76 (23): 12399–404. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.23.12399-12404.2002. PMC 136899. PMID 12414985.
- Slavov D, Gardiner K (2003). "Phylogenetic comparison of the pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase ADAR2 genes and transcripts: conservation and diversity in editing site sequence and alternative splicing patterns". Gene. 299 (1–2): 83–94. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01016-8. PMID 12459255.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
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