COPA (gene): Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Coatomer subunit alpha''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''COPA'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8647451">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chow VT, Quek HH | title = HEP-COP, a novel human gene whose product is highly homologous to the alpha-subunit of the yeast coatomer protein complex | journal = Gene | volume = 169 | issue = 2 | pages = 223–7 |date=July 1996 | pmid = 8647451 | pmc =  | doi =10.1016/0378-1119(95)00738-5  }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: COPA coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1314| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha
| HGNCid = 2230
| Symbol = COPA
| AltSymbols =; FLJ26320; HEP-COP
| OMIM = 601924
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 3218
| MGIid = 1334462
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_COPA_208684_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_COPA_214336_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005179 |text = hormone activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008565 |text = protein transporter activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005625 |text = soluble fraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005783 |text = endoplasmic reticulum}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005792 |text = microsome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030126 |text = COPI vesicle coat}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006605 |text = protein targeting}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006888 |text = ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006890 |text = retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006891 |text = intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030157 |text = pancreatic juice secretion}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 1314
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000122218
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_004362
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_004371
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 158525687
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 158579828
    | Hs_Uniprot = P53621
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 12847
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000026553
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009938
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034068
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 173919478
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 173958999
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''Coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha''', also known as '''COPA''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: COPA coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1314| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
In eukaryotic cells, protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments is mediated in part by non-clathrin-coated vesicular coat proteins (COPs). Seven coat proteins have been identified, and they represent subunits of a complex known as coatomer. The subunits are designated alpha-COP, [[COPB1|beta-COP]], [[COPB2|beta-prime-COP]], [[COPG|gamma-COP]], [[ARCN1|delta-COP]], [[COPE (gene)|epsilon-COP]], and [[COPZ1|zeta-COP]]. The alpha-COP, encoded by COPA, shares high sequence similarity with [[RET1P]], the alpha subunit of the coatomer complex in yeast.<ref name="pmid7724544">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gerich B, Orci L, Tschochner H, Lottspeich F, Ravazzola M, Amherdt M, Wieland F, Harter C | title = Non-clathrin-coat protein alpha is a conserved subunit of coatomer and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for growth | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 92 | issue = 8 | pages = 3229–33 |date=April 1995 | pmid = 7724544 | pmc = 42139 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.92.8.3229| url = }}</ref> Also, the N-terminal 25 amino acids of alpha-COP encode the bioactive peptide, [[xenin]], which stimulates exocrine pancreatic secretion and may act as a gastrointestinal hormone. Alternative splicing results in multiple splice forms encoding distinct isoforms.<ref name="entrez" />
{{PBB_Summary
 
| section_title =
== Interactions ==
| summary_text = In eukaryotic cells, protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments is mediated in part by non-clathrin-coated vesicular coat proteins (COPs). Seven coat proteins have been identified, and they represent subunits of a complex known as coatomer. The subunits are designated alpha-COP, beta-COP, beta-prime-COP, gamma-COP, delta-COP, epsilon-COP, and zeta-COP. The alpha-COP, encoded by COPA, shares high sequence similarity with RET1P, the alpha subunit of the coatomer complex in yeast. Also, the N-terminal 25 amino acids of alpha-COP encode the bioactive peptide, xenin, which stimulates exocrine pancreatic secretion and may act as a gastrointestinal hormone. Alternative splicing results in multiple splice forms encoding distinct isoforms.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: COPA coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1314| accessdate = }}</ref>
 
}}
COPA (gene) has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[COPE (gene)|COPE]]<ref name="pmid16169070">{{cite journal | vauthors = Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE | title = A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome | journal = Cell | volume = 122 | issue = 6 | pages = 957–68 |date=September 2005 | pmid = 16169070 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10921873">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eugster A, Frigerio G, Dale M, Duden R | title = COP I domains required for coatomer integrity, and novel interactions with ARF and ARF-GAP | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 19 | issue = 15 | pages = 3905–17 |date=August 2000 | pmid = 10921873 | pmc = 306616 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/19.15.3905 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8858162">{{cite journal | vauthors = Faulstich D, Auerbach S, Orci L, Ravazzola M, Wegchingel S, Lottspeich F, Stenbeck G, Harter C, Wieland FT, Tschochner H | title = Architecture of coatomer: molecular characterization of delta-COP and protein interactions within the complex | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 135 | issue = 1 | pages = 53–61 |date=October 1996 | pmid = 8858162 | pmc = 2121028 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.135.1.53 }}</ref> and [[COPB1]].<ref name="pmid8940050">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lowe M, Kreis TE | title = In vivo assembly of coatomer, the COP-I coat precursor | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 271 | issue = 48 | pages = 30725–30 |date=November 1996 | pmid = 8940050 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.48.30725 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
* {{UCSC gene info|COPA}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
*{{cite journal  | author=Feurle GE |title=Xenin--a review |journal=Peptides |volume=19 |issue= 3 |pages= 609–15 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9533652 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(97)00378-1 }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Feurle GE, Hamscher G, Kusiek R |title=Identification of xenin, a xenopsin-related peptide, in the human gastric mucosa and its effect on exocrine pancreatic secretion |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=267 |issue= 31 |pages= 22305–9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1429581 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Feurle GE |title=Xenin--a review. |journal=Peptides |volume=19 |issue= 3 |pages= 609-15 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9533652 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Orcl L, Palmer DJ, Amherdt M, Rothman JE |title=Coated vesicle assembly in the Golgi requires only coatomer and ARF proteins from the cytosol |journal=Nature |volume=364 |issue= 6439 |pages= 732–4 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8355790 |doi= 10.1038/364732a0 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Feurle GE, Hamscher G, Kusiek R, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of xenin, a xenopsin-related peptide, in the human gastric mucosa and its effect on exocrine pancreatic secretion. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=267 |issue= 31 |pages= 22305-9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1429581 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Lowe M, Kreis TE |title=In vitro assembly and disassembly of coatomer |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 52 |pages= 31364–71 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8537409 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.52.31364 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Orcl L, Palmer DJ, Amherdt M, Rothman JE |title=Coated vesicle assembly in the Golgi requires only coatomer and ARF proteins from the cytosol. |journal=Nature |volume=364 |issue= 6439 |pages= 732-4 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8355790 |doi= 10.1038/364732a0 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Fiedler K, Veit M, Stamnes MA, Rothman JE |title=Bimodal interaction of coatomer with the p24 family of putative cargo receptors |journal=Science |volume=273 |issue= 5280 |pages= 1396–9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8703076 |doi=10.1126/science.273.5280.1396 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lowe M, Kreis TE |title=In vitro assembly and disassembly of coatomer. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 52 |pages= 31364-71 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8537409 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Faulstich D, Auerbach S, Orci L |title=Architecture of coatomer: molecular characterization of delta-COP and protein interactions within the complex |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=135 |issue= 1 |pages= 53–61 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8858162 |doi=10.1083/jcb.135.1.53  | pmc=2121028  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Chow VT, Quek HH |title=HEP-COP, a novel human gene whose product is highly homologous to the alpha-subunit of the yeast coatomer protein complex. |journal=Gene |volume=169 |issue= 2 |pages= 223-7 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8647451 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Lowe M, Kreis TE |title=In vivo assembly of coatomer, the COP-I coat precursor |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 48 |pages= 30725–30 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8940050 |doi=10.1074/jbc.271.48.30725  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Fiedler K, Veit M, Stamnes MA, Rothman JE |title=Bimodal interaction of coatomer with the p24 family of putative cargo receptors. |journal=Science |volume=273 |issue= 5280 |pages= 1396-9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8703076 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Quek HH, Chow VT |title=Molecular and cellular studies of the human homolog of the 160-kD alpha-subunit of the coatomer protein complex |journal=DNA Cell Biol. |volume=16 |issue= 3 |pages= 275–80 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9115636 |doi=10.1089/dna.1997.16.275 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Faulstich D, Auerbach S, Orci L, ''et al.'' |title=Architecture of coatomer: molecular characterization of delta-COP and protein interactions within the complex. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=135 |issue= 1 |pages= 53-61 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8858162 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Quek HH, Chow VT |title=Genomic organization and mapping of the human HEP-COP gene (COPA) to 1q |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=76 |issue= 3–4 |pages= 139–43 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9186507 |doi=10.1159/000134532 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lowe M, Kreis TE |title=In vivo assembly of coatomer, the COP-I coat precursor. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 48 |pages= 30725-30 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8940050 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hansen K, Rönnstrand L, Rorsman C |title=Association of coatomer proteins with the beta-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=235 |issue= 3 |pages= 455–60 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9207175 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6821 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Quek HH, Chow VT |title=Molecular and cellular studies of the human homolog of the 160-kD alpha-subunit of the coatomer protein complex. |journal=DNA Cell Biol. |volume=16 |issue= 3 |pages= 275-80 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9115636 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Chow VT, Quek HH |title=Alpha coat protein COPA (HEP-COP): presence of an Alu repeat in cDNA and identity of the amino terminus to xenin |journal=Ann. Hum. Genet. |volume=61 |issue= Pt 4 |pages= 369–73 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9365789 |doi= 10.1046/j.1469-1809.1997.6140369.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Quek HH, Chow VT |title=Genomic organization and mapping of the human HEP-COP gene (COPA) to 1q. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=76 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 139-43 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9186507 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Pavel J, Harter C, Wieland FT |title=Reversible dissociation of coatomer: Functional characterization of a β/δ-coat protein subcomplex |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 5 |pages= 2140–5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9482852 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.5.2140  | pmc=19276  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hansen K, Rönnstrand L, Rorsman C, ''et al.'' |title=Association of coatomer proteins with the beta-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=235 |issue= 3 |pages= 455-60 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9207175 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6821 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Harter C, Wieland FT |title=A single binding site for dilysine retrieval motifs and p23 within the γ subunit of coatomer |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 20 |pages= 11649–54 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9751720 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.20.11649  | pmc=21695  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Chow VT, Quek HH |title=Alpha coat protein COPA (HEP-COP): presence of an Alu repeat in cDNA and identity of the amino terminus to xenin. |journal=Ann. Hum. Genet. |volume=61 |issue= Pt 4 |pages= 369-73 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9365789 |doi= 10.1046/j.1469-1809.1997.6140369.x }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Zhang T, Hong W |title=Ykt6 forms a SNARE complex with syntaxin 5, GS28, and Bet1 and participates in a late stage in endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 29 |pages= 27480–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11323436 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M102786200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Pavel J, Harter C, Wieland FT |title=Reversible dissociation of coatomer: functional characterization of a beta/delta-coat protein subcomplex. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 5 |pages= 2140-5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9482852 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Yang JS, Lee SY, Gao M |title=ARFGAP1 promotes the formation of COPI vesicles, suggesting function as a component of the coat |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=159 |issue= 1 |pages= 69–78 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12379802 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200206015  | pmc=2173491 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Harter C, Wieland FT |title=A single binding site for dilysine retrieval motifs and p23 within the gamma subunit of coatomer. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 20 |pages= 11649-54 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9751720 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Xu Y, Martin S, James DE, Hong W |title=GS15 Forms a SNARE Complex with Syntaxin 5, GS28, and Ykt6 and Is Implicated in Traffic in the Early Cisternae of the Golgi Apparatus |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 3493–507 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12388752 |doi= 10.1091/mbc.E02-01-0004  | pmc=129961 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zhang T, Hong W |title=Ykt6 forms a SNARE complex with syntaxin 5, GS28, and Bet1 and participates in a late stage in endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 29 |pages= 27480-7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11323436 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M102786200 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yang JS, Lee SY, Gao M, ''et al.'' |title=ARFGAP1 promotes the formation of COPI vesicles, suggesting function as a component of the coat. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=159 |issue= 1 |pages= 69-78 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12379802 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200206015 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Wong N, Chan A, Lee SW |title=Positional mapping for amplified DNA sequences on 1q21-q22 in hepatocellular carcinoma indicates candidate genes over-expression |journal=J. Hepatol. |volume=38 |issue= 3 |pages= 298–306 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12586295 |doi=10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00412-9 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Xu Y, Martin S, James DE, Hong W |title=GS15 forms a SNARE complex with syntaxin 5, GS28, and Ykt6 and is implicated in traffic in the early cisternae of the Golgi apparatus. |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 3493-507 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12388752 |doi= 10.1091/mbc.E02-01-0004 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wong N, Chan A, Lee SW, ''et al.'' |title=Positional mapping for amplified DNA sequences on 1q21-q22 in hepatocellular carcinoma indicates candidate genes over-expression. |journal=J. Hepatol. |volume=38 |issue= 3 |pages= 298-306 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12586295 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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Revision as of 09:55, 30 August 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Coatomer subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COPA gene.[1][2]

Function

In eukaryotic cells, protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments is mediated in part by non-clathrin-coated vesicular coat proteins (COPs). Seven coat proteins have been identified, and they represent subunits of a complex known as coatomer. The subunits are designated alpha-COP, beta-COP, beta-prime-COP, gamma-COP, delta-COP, epsilon-COP, and zeta-COP. The alpha-COP, encoded by COPA, shares high sequence similarity with RET1P, the alpha subunit of the coatomer complex in yeast.[3] Also, the N-terminal 25 amino acids of alpha-COP encode the bioactive peptide, xenin, which stimulates exocrine pancreatic secretion and may act as a gastrointestinal hormone. Alternative splicing results in multiple splice forms encoding distinct isoforms.[2]

Interactions

COPA (gene) has been shown to interact with COPE[4][5][6] and COPB1.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Chow VT, Quek HH (July 1996). "HEP-COP, a novel human gene whose product is highly homologous to the alpha-subunit of the yeast coatomer protein complex". Gene. 169 (2): 223–7. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00738-5. PMID 8647451.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: COPA coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha".
  3. ↑ Gerich B, Orci L, Tschochner H, Lottspeich F, Ravazzola M, Amherdt M, Wieland F, Harter C (April 1995). "Non-clathrin-coat protein alpha is a conserved subunit of coatomer and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for growth". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (8): 3229–33. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3229. PMC 42139. PMID 7724544.
  4. ↑ Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE (September 2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070.
  5. ↑ Eugster A, Frigerio G, Dale M, Duden R (August 2000). "COP I domains required for coatomer integrity, and novel interactions with ARF and ARF-GAP". EMBO J. 19 (15): 3905–17. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.15.3905. PMC 306616. PMID 10921873.
  6. ↑ Faulstich D, Auerbach S, Orci L, Ravazzola M, Wegchingel S, Lottspeich F, Stenbeck G, Harter C, Wieland FT, Tschochner H (October 1996). "Architecture of coatomer: molecular characterization of delta-COP and protein interactions within the complex". J. Cell Biol. 135 (1): 53–61. doi:10.1083/jcb.135.1.53. PMC 2121028. PMID 8858162.
  7. ↑ Lowe M, Kreis TE (November 1996). "In vivo assembly of coatomer, the COP-I coat precursor". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (48): 30725–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.48.30725. PMID 8940050.

External links

Further reading


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