DKK3: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{GNF_Protein_box
'''Dickkopf-related protein 3''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''DKK3'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid10570958">{{cite journal | vauthors = Krupnik VE, Sharp JD, Jiang C, Robison K, Chickering TW, Amaravadi L, Brown DE, Guyot D, Mays G, Leiby K, Chang B, Duong T, Goodearl AD, Gearing DP, Sokol SY, McCarthy SA | title = Functional and structural diversity of the human Dickkopf gene family | journal = Gene | volume = 238 | issue = 2 | pages = 301–13 |date=Dec 1999 | pmid = 10570958 | pmc = | doi =10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00365-0  }}</ref><ref name="entrez"/>
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = Dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)
| HGNCid = 2893
| Symbol = DKK3
| AltSymbols =; REIC
| OMIM = 605416
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 8303
| MGIid = 1354952
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_DKK3_202196_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_DKK3_214247_s_at_tn.png
| Function =
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009653 |text = anatomical structure morphogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016055 |text = Wnt receptor signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030178 |text = negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 27122
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000050165
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001018067
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001018057
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 11
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 11941123
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 11987493
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q9UBP4
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 50781
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000030772
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_015814
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_056629
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 111907200
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 111950238
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q9QUN9
  }}
}}
'''Dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)''', also known as '''DKK3''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DKK3 dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=27122| accessdate = }}</ref>


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{{PBB_Summary
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| section_title =  
| summary_text = This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of this gene is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DKK3 dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=27122| accessdate = }}</ref>
| summary_text = This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two [[cysteine]] rich regions and is involved in [[embryonic]] development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of this gene is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DKK3 dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=27122| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, ''et al.'' |title=A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction. |journal=Anal. Biochem. |volume=236 |issue= 1 |pages= 107-13 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8619474 |doi= 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY |title=A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction |journal=Anal. Biochem. |volume=236 |issue= 1 |pages= 107–13 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8619474 |doi= 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, ''et al.'' |title=Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 353-8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9110174 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC |title=Large-Scale Concatenation cDNA Sequencing |journal=Genome Res. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 353–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9110174 |doi=  10.1101/gr.7.4.353| pmc=139146 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Krupnik VE, Sharp JD, Jiang C, ''et al.'' |title=Functional and structural diversity of the human Dickkopf gene family. |journal=Gene |volume=238 |issue= 2 |pages= 301-13 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10570958 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Tsuji T, Miyazaki M, Sakaguchi M |title=A REIC gene shows down-regulation in human immortalized cells and human tumor-derived cell lines |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=268 |issue= 1 |pages= 20–4 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10652205 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2067 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Tsuji T, Miyazaki M, Sakaguchi M, ''et al.'' |title=A REIC gene shows down-regulation in human immortalized cells and human tumor-derived cell lines. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=268 |issue= 1 |pages= 20-4 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10652205 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2067 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Kobayashi K, Ouchida M, Tsuji T |title=Reduced expression of the REIC/Dkk-3 gene by promoter-hypermethylation in human tumor cells |journal=Gene |volume=282 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 151–8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11814687 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00838-1  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kobayashi K, Ouchida M, Tsuji T, ''et al.'' |title=Reduced expression of the REIC/Dkk-3 gene by promoter-hypermethylation in human tumor cells. |journal=Gene |volume=282 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 151-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11814687 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Mao B, Niehrs C |title=Kremen2 modulates Dickkopf2 activity during Wnt/LRP6 signaling |journal=Gene |volume=302 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 179–83 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12527209 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01106-X  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mao B, Niehrs C |title=Kremen2 modulates Dickkopf2 activity during Wnt/LRP6 signaling. |journal=Gene |volume=302 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 179-83 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12527209 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E |title=The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2265–70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12975309 |doi= 10.1101/gr.1293003 | pmc=403697 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, ''et al.'' |title=The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2265-70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12975309 |doi= 10.1101/gr.1293003 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40–5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Kurose K, Sakaguchi M, Nasu Y |title=Decreased expression of REIC/Dkk-3 in human renal clear cell carcinoma |journal=J. Urol. |volume=171 |issue= 3 |pages= 1314–8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14767340 |doi= 10.1097/01.ju.0000101047.64379.d4 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kurose K, Sakaguchi M, Nasu Y, ''et al.'' |title=Decreased expression of REIC/Dkk-3 in human renal clear cell carcinoma. |journal=J. Urol. |volume=171 |issue= 3 |pages= 1314-8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14767340 |doi= 10.1097/01.ju.0000101047.64379.d4 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hoang BH, Kubo T, Healey JH |title=Dickkopf 3 inhibits invasion and motility of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells by modulating the Wnt-beta-catenin pathway |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=64 |issue= 8 |pages= 2734–9 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15087387 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-1952  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hoang BH, Kubo T, Healey JH, ''et al.'' |title=Dickkopf 3 inhibits invasion and motility of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells by modulating the Wnt-beta-catenin pathway. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=64 |issue= 8 |pages= 2734-9 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15087387 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Roman-Gomez J, Jimenez-Velasco A, Agirre X |title=Transcriptional silencing of the Dickkopfs-3 (Dkk-3) gene by CpG hypermethylation in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=91 |issue= 4 |pages= 707–13 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15226763 |doi= 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602008 | pmc=2364778 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Roman-Gomez J, Jimenez-Velasco A, Agirre X, ''et al.'' |title=Transcriptional silencing of the Dickkopfs-3 (Dkk-3) gene by CpG hypermethylation in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=91 |issue= 4 |pages= 707-13 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15226763 |doi= 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602008 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Zhang Z, Henzel WJ |title=Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2819–24 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15340161 |doi= 10.1110/ps.04682504  | pmc=2286551 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zhang Z, Henzel WJ |title=Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2819-24 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15340161 |doi= 10.1110/ps.04682504 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA |title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504  | pmc=528928 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hsieh SY, Hsieh PS, Chiu CT, Chen WY |title=Dickkopf-3/REIC functions as a suppressor gene of tumor growth |journal=Oncogene |volume=23 |issue= 57 |pages= 9183–9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15516983 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1208138 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hsieh SY, Hsieh PS, Chiu CT, Chen WY |title=Dickkopf-3/REIC functions as a suppressor gene of tumor growth. |journal=Oncogene |volume=23 |issue= 57 |pages= 9183-9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15516983 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1208138 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Ftouh S, Akbar MT, Hirsch SR, de Belleroche JS |title=Down-regulation of Dickkopf 3, a regulator of the Wnt signalling pathway, in elderly schizophrenic subjects |journal=J. Neurochem. |volume=94 |issue= 2 |pages= 520–30 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15998302 |doi= 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03239.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ftouh S, Akbar MT, Hirsch SR, de Belleroche JS |title=Down-regulation of Dickkopf 3, a regulator of the Wnt signalling pathway, in elderly schizophrenic subjects. |journal=J. Neurochem. |volume=94 |issue= 2 |pages= 520-30 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15998302 |doi= 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03239.x }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Kuphal S, Lodermeyer S, Bataille F |title=Expression of Dickkopf genes is strongly reduced in malignant melanoma |journal=Oncogene |volume=25 |issue= 36 |pages= 5027–36 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16568085 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1209508 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kuphal S, Lodermeyer S, Bataille F, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of Dickkopf genes is strongly reduced in malignant melanoma. |journal=Oncogene |volume=25 |issue= 36 |pages= 5027-36 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16568085 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1209508 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Urakami S, Shiina H, Enokida H |title=Combination analysis of hypermethylated Wnt-antagonist family genes as a novel epigenetic biomarker panel for bladder cancer detection |journal=Clin. Cancer Res. |volume=12 |issue= 7 Pt 1 |pages= 2109–16 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16609023 |doi= 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2468 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Urakami S, Shiina H, Enokida H, ''et al.'' |title=Combination analysis of hypermethylated Wnt-antagonist family genes as a novel epigenetic biomarker panel for bladder cancer detection. |journal=Clin. Cancer Res. |volume=12 |issue= 7 Pt 1 |pages= 2109-16 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16609023 |doi= 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2468 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Veeck J, Bektas N, Hartmann A |title=Wnt signalling in human breast cancer: expression of the putative Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) is frequently suppressed by promoter hypermethylation in mammary tumours |journal=Breast. Cancer Res. |volume=10 |issue= R82  |year= 2008 |pmid= 18826564 |doi= 10.1186/bcr2151  | pages=R82  | pmc=2614517 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Veeck J, Wild PJ, Fuchs T |title=Prognostic relevance of Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) and Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) promoter methylation in human breast cancer |journal=BMC Cancer |volume=9  |year= 2009 |pmid= 19570204 |doi= 10.1186/1471-2407-9-217  | pages=217  | pmc=2717119 |display-authors=etal}}
}}
}}
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Revision as of 18:30, 30 August 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
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Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Dickkopf-related protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DKK3 gene.[1][2]

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of this gene is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Krupnik VE, Sharp JD, Jiang C, Robison K, Chickering TW, Amaravadi L, Brown DE, Guyot D, Mays G, Leiby K, Chang B, Duong T, Goodearl AD, Gearing DP, Sokol SY, McCarthy SA (Dec 1999). "Functional and structural diversity of the human Dickkopf gene family". Gene. 238 (2): 301–13. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00365-0. PMID 10570958.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: DKK3 dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)".

Further reading



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