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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Protein Dr1''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''DR1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid1339312">{{cite journal | vauthors = Inostroza JA, Mermelstein FH, Ha I, Lane WS, Reinberg D | title = Dr1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein and inhibitor of class II gene transcription | journal = Cell | volume = 70 | issue = 3 | pages = 477–89  | date = Sep 1992 | pmid = 1339312 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90172-9 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9040789">{{cite journal | vauthors = Purrello M, Di Pietro C, Rapisarda A, Viola A, Corsaro C, Motta S, Grzeschik KH, Sichel G | title = Genomic localization of the human gene encoding Dr1, a negative modulator of transcription of class II and class III genes | journal = Cytogenet. Cell Genet. | volume = 75 | issue = 2-3 | pages = 186–9 | year = 1996 | date = Mar 1997 | pmid = 9040789 | pmc = | doi = 10.1159/000134479 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DR1 down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1810| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_DR1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1jfi.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1jfi}}
| Name = Down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)
| HGNCid = 3017
| Symbol = DR1
| AltSymbols =; NC2; NC2-BETA
| OMIM = 601482
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 38809
| MGIid = 1100515
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_DR1_209187_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_DR1_207654_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_DR1_209188_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003714 |text = transcription corepressor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008134 |text = transcription factor binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043565 |text = sequence-specific DNA binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000122 |text = negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 1810
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000117505
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001929
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001938
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 93584033
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 93600737
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q01658
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 13486
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000029265
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_026106
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_080382
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 108509199
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 108520823
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3UMQ2
  }}
}}
'''Down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)''', also known as '''DR1''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DR1 down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1810| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription.<ref name="entrez" />
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DR1 down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1810| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Interactions ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
DR1 (gene) has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[DRAP1]].<ref name=pmid8972183>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D | title = Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–45  | date = Jan 1997 | pmid = 8972183 | pmc = 231727 }}</ref><ref name=pmid8608938>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, Inostroza JA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Eagelson K, Landsman D, Levitt P, Tempst P, Reinberg D | title = Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 10 | issue = 8 | pages = 1033–48  | date = Apr 1996 | pmid = 8608938 | doi = 10.1101/gad.10.8.1033 }}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171–4 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, Inostroza JA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Eagelson K, Landsman D, Levitt P, Tempst P, Reinberg D | title = Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 10 | issue = 8 | pages = 1033–48 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8608938 | doi = 10.1101/gad.10.8.1033 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Inostroza JA, Mermelstein FH, Ha I, ''et al.'' |title=Dr1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein and inhibitor of class II gene transcription. |journal=Cell |volume=70 |issue= 3 |pages= 477-89 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1339312 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Goppelt A, Stelzer G, Lottspeich F, Meisterernst M | title = A mechanism for repression of class II gene transcription through specific binding of NC2 to TBP-promoter complexes via heterodimeric histone fold domains | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 15 | issue = 12 | pages = 3105–16 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8670811 | pmc = 450253 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kashanchi F, Khleif SN, Duvall JF, Sadaie MR, Radonovich MF, Cho M, Martin MA, Chen SY, Weinmann R, Brady JN | title = Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat with a unique site of TFIID inhibits negative cofactor Dr1 and stabilizes the TFIID-TFIIA complex | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 70 | issue = 8 | pages = 5503–10 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8764062 | pmc = 190508 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, ''et al.'' |title=Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription. |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=10 |issue= 8 |pages= 1033-48 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8608938 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Cowell IG, Hurst HC | title = Protein-protein interaction between the transcriptional repressor E4BP4 and the TBP-binding protein Dr1 | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 24 | issue = 18 | pages = 3607–13 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8836190 | pmc = 146135 | doi = 10.1093/nar/24.18.3607 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Goppelt A, Stelzer G, Lottspeich F, Meisterernst M |title=A mechanism for repression of class II gene transcription through specific binding of NC2 to TBP-promoter complexes via heterodimeric histone fold domains. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=15 |issue= 12 |pages= 3105-16 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8670811 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Rozet JM, Gerber S, Perrault I, Camuzat A, Calvas P, Viegas-Pequignot E, Molina-Gomes D, Le Paslier D, Chumakov I, Munnich A, Kaplan J | title = Structure and physical mapping of DR1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein gene, to chromosome 1p22.1 and its exclusion in Stargardt disease (STGD) | journal = Genomics | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 554–6 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8884286 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1996.0508 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kashanchi F, Khleif SN, Duvall JF, ''et al.'' |title=Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat with a unique site of TFIID inhibits negative cofactor Dr1 and stabilizes the TFIID-TFIIA complex. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=70 |issue= 8 |pages= 5503-10 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8764062 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D | title = Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–45 | year = 1997 | pmid = 8972183 | pmc = 231727 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cowell IG, Hurst HC |title=Protein-protein interaction between the transcriptional repressor E4BP4 and the TBP-binding protein Dr1. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=24 |issue= 18 |pages= 3607-13 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8836190 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 149–56 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rozet JM, Gerber S, Perrault I, ''et al.'' |title=Structure and physical mapping of DR1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein gene, to chromosome 1p22.1 and its exclusion in Stargardt disease (STGD). |journal=Genomics |volume=36 |issue= 3 |pages= 554-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8884286 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1996.0508 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kamada K, Shu F, Chen H, Malik S, Stelzer G, Roeder RG, Meisterernst M, Burley SK | title = Crystal structure of negative cofactor 2 recognizing the TBP-DNA transcription complex | journal = Cell | volume = 106 | issue = 1 | pages = 71–81 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11461703 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00417-2 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D |title=Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=17 |issue= 1 |pages= 36-45 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8972183 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gilfillan S, Stelzer G, Piaia E, Hofmann MG, Meisterernst M | title = Efficient binding of NC2.TATA-binding protein to DNA in the absence of TATA | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 280 | issue = 7 | pages = 6222–30 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15574413 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M406343200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Purrello M, Di Pietro C, Rapisarda A, ''et al.'' |title=Genomic localization of the human gene encoding Dr1, a negative modulator of transcription of class II and class III genes. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=75 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 186-9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9040789 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lewis BA, Sims RJ, Lane WS, Reinberg D | title = Functional characterization of core promoter elements: DPE-specific transcription requires the protein kinase CK2 and the PC4 coactivator | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 471–81 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15893730 | doi = 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.04.005 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M | title = Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network | journal = Nature | volume = 437 | issue = 7062 | pages = 1173–8 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16189514 | doi = 10.1038/nature04209 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kamada K, Shu F, Chen H, ''et al.'' |title=Crystal structure of negative cofactor 2 recognizing the TBP-DNA transcription complex. |journal=Cell |volume=106 |issue= 1 |pages= 71-81 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11461703 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Malecová B, Gross P, Boyer-Guittaut M, Yavuz S, Oelgeschläger T | title = The initiator core promoter element antagonizes repression of TATA-directed transcription by negative cofactor NC2 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 282 | issue = 34 | pages = 24767–76 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17584739 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M702776200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gilfillan S, Stelzer G, Piaia E, ''et al.'' |title=Efficient binding of NC2.TATA-binding protein to DNA in the absence of TATA. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=280 |issue= 7 |pages= 6222-30 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15574413 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M406343200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lewis BA, Sims RJ, Lane WS, Reinberg D |title=Functional characterization of core promoter elements: DPE-specific transcription requires the protein kinase CK2 and the PC4 coactivator. |journal=Mol. Cell |volume=18 |issue= 4 |pages= 471-81 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15893730 |doi= 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.04.005 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, ''et al.'' |title=Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. |journal=Nature |volume=437 |issue= 7062 |pages= 1173-8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16189514 |doi= 10.1038/nature04209 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. |journal=Nature |volume=441 |issue= 7091 |pages= 315-21 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16710414 |doi= 10.1038/nature04727 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Malecová B, Gross P, Boyer-Guittaut M, ''et al.'' |title=The initiator core promoter element antagonizes repression of TATA-directed transcription by negative cofactor NC2. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=282 |issue= 34 |pages= 24767-76 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17584739 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M702776200 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=1810}}


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{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Revision as of 18:43, 30 August 2017

VALUE_ERROR (nil)
Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Protein Dr1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DR1 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription.[3]

Interactions

DR1 (gene) has been shown to interact with DRAP1.[4][5]

References

  1. ↑ Inostroza JA, Mermelstein FH, Ha I, Lane WS, Reinberg D (Sep 1992). "Dr1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein and inhibitor of class II gene transcription". Cell. 70 (3): 477–89. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90172-9. PMID 1339312.
  2. ↑ Purrello M, Di Pietro C, Rapisarda A, Viola A, Corsaro C, Motta S, Grzeschik KH, Sichel G (Mar 1997). "Genomic localization of the human gene encoding Dr1, a negative modulator of transcription of class II and class III genes". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 75 (2–3): 186–9. doi:10.1159/000134479. PMID 9040789. Check date values in: |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: DR1 down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor 2)".
  4. ↑ Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D (Jan 1997). "Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (1): 36–45. PMC 231727. PMID 8972183.
  5. ↑ Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, Inostroza JA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Eagelson K, Landsman D, Levitt P, Tempst P, Reinberg D (Apr 1996). "Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription". Genes Dev. 10 (8): 1033–48. doi:10.1101/gad.10.8.1033. PMID 8608938.

Further reading


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