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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1''' is a [[protein]] which in humans is encoded by the  [[gene]] ''LRG1''.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: LRG1 leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=116844| accessdate = }}</ref>
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== Function ==
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The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family of proteins, including LRG1, have been shown to be involved in [[protein-protein interaction]], [[signal transduction]], and [[cell adhesion]] and development. LRG1 is expressed during [[granulocyte]] [[cellular differentiation|differentiation]].<ref name="entrez"/><ref name="pmid12223515">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Donnell LC, Druhan LJ, Avalos BR | title = Molecular characterization and expression analysis of leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein, a novel marker of granulocytic differentiation | journal = J. Leukoc. Biol. | volume = 72 | issue = 3 | pages = 478–85 |date=September 2002 | pmid = 12223515 | doi = | url = | issn = }}</ref>
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LRG1 has been shown to be involved in promoting [[neovascularization]] (new blood vessel growth) through causing a switch in transforming growth factor beta ([[TGFbeta]]) signaling in endothelial cells. LRG1 binds to the accessory receptor [[endoglin]] and promotes signaling via the [[ALK1]]-[[Smad1/5/8]] pathway.<ref name="pmid23868260">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang X, Abraham S, McKenzie JA, Jeffs N, Swire M, Tripathi VB, Luhmann UF, Lange CA, Zhai Z, Arthur HM, Bainbridge JW, Moss SE, Greenwood J | title = LRG1 promotes angiogenesis by modulating endothelial TGF-β signalling | journal = Nature | volume = 499 | issue = 7458 | pages = 306–11 |date=July 2013 | pmid = 23868260 | doi = 10.1038/nature12345 | pmc=3836402}}</ref>
 
== Application ==


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Levels of the LRG protein are markedly elevated in acute [[appendicitis]] and therefore could be used as a diagnostic aid.<ref name="urlA urine test for appendicitis? | HarvardScience">{{cite web | url = http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2009/06/a-urine-test-for-appendicitis/ | title = A urine test for appendicitis? | author = Vargas IM | date = 2009-06-23 | work = [[HarvardScience]] Press Release | publisher = Harvard College | pages = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | accessdate = 2009-06-25}}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1
| HGNCid = 29480
| Symbol = LRG1
| AltSymbols =; HMFT1766; LRG
| OMIM = 
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 36468
| MGIid = 1924155
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003674 |text = molecular_function}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008150 |text = biological_process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 116844
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000171236
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_443204
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_052972
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 4479439
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 4491079
    | Hs_Uniprot = P02750
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 76905
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000037095
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_029796
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_084072
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 17
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 55712969
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 55715239
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1''', also known as '''LRG1''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: LRG1 leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=116844| accessdate = }}</ref>


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LRG1 may be a potential therapeutifc target for the treatment of diseases where there is aberrant neovascularization.<ref name="pmid23868260"/>
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| summary_text =
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =  
| citations =
*{{cite journal  | author=Li X, Miyajima M, Jiang C, Arai H |title=Expression of TGF-betas and TGF-beta type II receptor in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. |journal=Neurosci. Lett. |volume=413 |issue= 2 |pages= 141-4 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17194537 |doi= 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.11.039 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Li X, Miyajima M, Jiang C, Arai H |title=Expression of TGF-betas and TGF-beta type II receptor in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. |journal=Neurosci. Lett. |volume=413 |issue= 2 |pages= 141–4 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17194537 |doi= 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.11.039 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ramachandran P, Boontheung P, Xie Y, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=5 |issue= 6 |pages= 1493-503 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16740002 |doi= 10.1021/pr050492k }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Ramachandran P, Boontheung P, Xie Y, etal |title=Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=5 |issue= 6 |pages= 1493–503 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16740002 |doi= 10.1021/pr050492k }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Cummings C, Walder J, Treeful A, Jemmerson R |title=Serum leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 binds cytochrome c and inhibits antibody detection of this apoptotic marker in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. |journal=Apoptosis |volume=11 |issue= 7 |pages= 1121-9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16699948 |doi= 10.1007/s10495-006-8159-3 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Cummings C, Walder J, Treeful A, Jemmerson R |title=Serum leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 binds cytochrome c and inhibits antibody detection of this apoptotic marker in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. |journal=Apoptosis |volume=11 |issue= 7 |pages= 1121–9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16699948 |doi= 10.1007/s10495-006-8159-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, ''et al.'' |title=Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=4 |issue= 6 |pages= 2070-80 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16335952 |doi= 10.1021/pr0502065 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, etal |title=Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=4 |issue= 6 |pages= 2070–80 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16335952 |doi= 10.1021/pr0502065 | pmc=1850943 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yamada S, Ohira M, Horie H, ''et al.'' |title=Expression profiling and differential screening between hepatoblastomas and the corresponding normal livers: identification of high expression of the PLK1 oncogene as a poor-prognostic indicator of hepatoblastomas. |journal=Oncogene |volume=23 |issue= 35 |pages= 5901-11 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15221005 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1207782 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Yamada S, Ohira M, Horie H, etal |title=Expression profiling and differential screening between hepatoblastomas and the corresponding normal livers: identification of high expression of the PLK1 oncogene as a poor-prognostic indicator of hepatoblastomas. |journal=Oncogene |volume=23 |issue= 35 |pages= 5901–11 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15221005 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1207782 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Bunkenborg J, Pilch BJ, Podtelejnikov AV, Wiśniewski JR |title=Screening for N-glycosylated proteins by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. |journal=Proteomics |volume=4 |issue= 2 |pages= 454-65 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14760718 |doi= 10.1002/pmic.200300556 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Bunkenborg J, Pilch BJ, Podtelejnikov AV, Wiśniewski JR |title=Screening for N-glycosylated proteins by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. |journal=Proteomics |volume=4 |issue= 2 |pages= 454–65 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14760718 |doi= 10.1002/pmic.200300556 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Anderson NL, Polanski M, Pieper R, ''et al.'' |title=The human plasma proteome: a nonredundant list developed by combination of four separate sources. |journal=Mol. Cell Proteomics |volume=3 |issue= 4 |pages= 311-26 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14718574 |doi= 10.1074/mcp.M300127-MCP200 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Anderson NL, Polanski M, Pieper R, etal |title=The human plasma proteome: a nonredundant list developed by combination of four separate sources. |journal=Mol. Cell. Proteomics |volume=3 |issue= 4 |pages= 311–26 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14718574 |doi= 10.1074/mcp.M300127-MCP200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=O'Donnell LC, Druhan LJ, Avalos BR |title=Molecular characterization and expression analysis of leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein, a novel marker of granulocytic differentiation. |journal=J. Leukoc. Biol. |volume=72 |issue= 3 |pages= 478-85 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12223515 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=O'Donnell LC, Druhan LJ, Avalos BR |title=Molecular characterization and expression analysis of leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein, a novel marker of granulocytic differentiation. |journal=J. Leukoc. Biol. |volume=72 |issue= 3 |pages= 478–85 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12223515 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Saito K, Tanaka T, Kanda H, ''et al.'' |title=Gene expression profiling of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1+ high endothelial venule cells (HEV) and identification of a leucine-rich HEV glycoprotein as a HEV marker. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=168 |issue= 3 |pages= 1050-9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11801638 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Saito K, Tanaka T, Kanda H, etal |title=Gene expression profiling of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1+ high endothelial venule cells (HEV) and identification of a leucine-rich HEV glycoprotein as a HEV marker. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=168 |issue= 3 |pages= 1050–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11801638 |doi=  10.4049/jimmunol.168.3.1050}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Putnam FW |title=Periodicity of leucine and tandem repetition of a 24-amino acid segment in the primary structure of leucine-rich alpha 2-glycoprotein of human serum. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=82 |issue= 7 |pages= 1906-10 |year= 1985 |pmid= 3856868 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Putnam FW |title=Periodicity of leucine and tandem repetition of a 24-amino acid segment in the primary structure of leucine-rich alpha 2-glycoprotein of human serum. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=82 |issue= 7 |pages= 1906–10 |year= 1985 |pmid= 3856868 |doi=10.1073/pnas.82.7.1906  | pmc=397442 }}
}}
}}
*{{cite journal | vauthors= Andersen JD, Boylan KL, Xue FS, Anderson LB, Witthuhn BA, Higgins L, Skubitz AP| title=Identification of candidate biomarkers in ovarian cancer serum by depletion of highly abundant proteins and differential in-gel electrophoresis. |journal=Electrophoresis| volume = 31|issue= 4|pages= 599–610|year = 2010 | doi= 10.1002/elps.200900441 | pmid= 20162585 | pmc=3520508}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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Latest revision as of 18:06, 2 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the gene LRG1.[1]

Function

The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family of proteins, including LRG1, have been shown to be involved in protein-protein interaction, signal transduction, and cell adhesion and development. LRG1 is expressed during granulocyte differentiation.[1][2]

LRG1 has been shown to be involved in promoting neovascularization (new blood vessel growth) through causing a switch in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling in endothelial cells. LRG1 binds to the accessory receptor endoglin and promotes signaling via the ALK1-Smad1/5/8 pathway.[3]

Application

Levels of the LRG protein are markedly elevated in acute appendicitis and therefore could be used as a diagnostic aid.[4]

LRG1 may be a potential therapeutifc target for the treatment of diseases where there is aberrant neovascularization.[3]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: LRG1 leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1".
  2. ↑ O'Donnell LC, Druhan LJ, Avalos BR (September 2002). "Molecular characterization and expression analysis of leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein, a novel marker of granulocytic differentiation". J. Leukoc. Biol. 72 (3): 478–85. PMID 12223515.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wang X, Abraham S, McKenzie JA, Jeffs N, Swire M, Tripathi VB, Luhmann UF, Lange CA, Zhai Z, Arthur HM, Bainbridge JW, Moss SE, Greenwood J (July 2013). "LRG1 promotes angiogenesis by modulating endothelial TGF-β signalling". Nature. 499 (7458): 306–11. doi:10.1038/nature12345. PMC 3836402. PMID 23868260.
  4. ↑ Vargas IM (2009-06-23). "A urine test for appendicitis?". HarvardScience Press Release. Harvard College. Retrieved 2009-06-25.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.



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