Aspiration pneumonia bacterial infection

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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

Aspiration pneumonia caused by bacterial infection is the commonest subtype of aspiration pneumonia. The other subtypes being chemical pneumonia, and airway obstructions.

Causes

• Normal flora of upper airways, gingival cavity or stomach.
• Caused by less virulent bacteria, such as anaerobes and aerobic or microaerophilic streptococci

History and symptoms

The manifestation depends on:

• The bacteria involved
• Time since aspiration to diagnosis
• Immune status of the host

Risk factors

• Poor dental hygiene is a risk factor
• Patients with good dental hygiene and edentulous are less predisposed