Myelodysplastic syndrome differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The differential diagnosis is that of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and/or leukopenia. Usually, the elimination of known etiologies of cytopenias, along with a dysplastic bone marrow, is required to diagnose a myelodysplastic syndrome.

Differenting Myeloproliferative disease from other Diseases

Differential Diagnosis (for dysplasia)

• Arsenic, Lead, Benzene, Xylene, petroleum, Agent Orange (Vietnam Veterans).
• Congenital Dyserythropoietic anemia
• HIV
• Vitamin B12 / folate
• Parvovirus
• Alcohol abuse
• Prior chemotherapy (eg. melphalan, mustard, chlorambucil, busulfan, cyclophosphamide).
• Radiation (with or without chemotherapy).

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