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==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
===Apppearance of the Patient===
Physical examination findings are generally not revealing. Physical exam findings are not specific. A full physical exam should be conducted in all renal cell carcinoma patients in search of metastasis. In some patients, the presence of the following may be helpful for the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma:
* [[Malaise]] or [[anorexia|anorexic]]
*Low body mass index (BMI)
===Vital Signs===
*High blood pressure
* [[Hypertension]] (high blood pressure) resulting from secretion of [[renin]] by the tumour (30% of cases)
*Palpation of abdominal mass
* [[Fever]] - [[Pyrexia of unknown origin]]
*Auscultation of abdominal bruit
===Eye===
**Varicocele
* [[Anemia]]
 
===Abdomen===
*Muscle atrophy
* Enlargement of one [[testicle]] known as [[varicocele]] (usually the left, due to blockage of the left [[gonadal vein]] by tumor invasion of the left [[renal vein]] -- the right gonadal vein drains directly into the [[inferior vena cava]])
*Facial flushing
* [[Abdominal mass]] (25% of cases)
*Supraclavicular lymphadenopathy
===Skin===
*Abnormal neurological exam
* [[Hirsutism]] - Excessive hair growth (females)


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 17:45, 11 January 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

Physical Examination

Physical examination findings are generally not revealing. Physical exam findings are not specific. A full physical exam should be conducted in all renal cell carcinoma patients in search of metastasis. In some patients, the presence of the following may be helpful for the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma:

  • Low body mass index (BMI)
  • High blood pressure
  • Palpation of abdominal mass
  • Auscultation of abdominal bruit
    • Varicocele
  • Muscle atrophy
  • Facial flushing
  • Supraclavicular lymphadenopathy
  • Abnormal neurological exam

References

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