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{{SK}} Erythema craquele; asteatosis cutis; dry skin.
{{SK}} Erythema craquele; asteatosis cutis; dry skin.


==Overview==
'''Xerosis''' is defined as dry skin


== Epidemiology and Demographics ==
==[[Xerosis overview|Overview]]==
* Extremely common
* 99% of cases are benign


== Diagnosis ==  
==[[Xerosis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


== History and Symptoms ==
==[[Xerosis classification|Classification]]==
* Family history
* Environmental exposure
* Medical exposure


== Physical Examination ==
==[[Xerosis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
* Complete physical including thyroid examination, entire skin surface


=== Eyes ===
==[[Xerosis causes|Causes]]==


<gallery>
==[[Xerosis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Xerosis from other Diseases]]==
image:PHIL_3996_thumb.jpg|Conjunctival xerosis‎
</gallery>


=== Ear Nose and Throat ===
==[[Xerosis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
Neck exam should include full evaluation of the thyroid gland


== Laboratory Findings ==
==[[Xerosis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
* [[Complete blood count]] ([[CBC]])
* [[Thyroid function test]]s
* [[Liver function test]]s ([[LFT]]s)
* [[Blood urea nitrogen]] ([[BUN]]) / [[creatinine]]


=== Other Diagnostic Studies ===
==[[Xerosis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
* If necessary, [[HIV test]]ing


== Differential Diagnosis ==
==Diagnosis==


In alphabetical order. <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>
[[Xerosis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Xerosis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Xerosis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Xerosis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


* [[Anemia]]
==Treatment==
* [[Atopic dermatitis]]
* [[Biliary Disease]]
* [[Chronic Renal Failure]]
* [[Diabetes Mellitus]]
* [[Eczema]] craquele (common in elderly)
* Genetic conditions
* [[HIV]]
* [[Hyperthyroidism]]
* [[Hypothyroidism]]
* [[Ichthyosis vulgaris]]
* [[Liver Disease]]
* [[Lymphoma]] (uncommon association)
* [[Renal Insufficiency]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]


== Treatment ==
[[Xerosis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Xerosis primary prevention|Prevention]] | [[Xerosis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Xerosis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
== Pharmacotherapy ==


=== Acute Pharmacotherapies ===
==Case Studies==
* Bile-acid-sequestering medications can help liver patients
* Topical steroid ointments
* Systemic retinoids
 
=== Chronic Pharmacotherapies ===
* Daily use of emollients and humectants
* [[Hydroxyzine]]
* [[Phototherapy]]
* Treat underlying malignancy, if necessary
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}


[[Xerosis case study one|Case #1]]





Revision as of 20:54, 18 September 2012

Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox

Xerosis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Xerosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Xerosis On the Web

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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Xerosis

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Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Xerosis

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Xerosis in the news

Blogs on Xerosis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Xerosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Xerosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Erythema craquele; asteatosis cutis; dry skin.


Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Xerosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1


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