Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura causes: Difference between revisions
(Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura}} {{CMG}} ==Overview== ==Causes== ADAMTS13 is a zinc-requiring and calcium-requiring 190,000 Dalton glycosylated protein that i...") |
(→Causes) |
||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
TTP, as with other [[microangiopathic hemolytic anemia]]s (MAHAs), is caused by a spontaneous [[aggregation]] of [[platelet]]s and activation of [[coagulation]] in the small [[blood vessel]]s. When stimulated, endothelial cells secrete the ultra-large VWF multimers in long strips that remain anchored to the cell membrane. The long VWF multimeric strings are EXTREMELY "sticky" to the glycoprotein Iba components of platelet GPIb-IX-V surface receptors. The initial adherence of platelets via the GPIb receptors to the long VWF strings and the subsequent coherence of additional platelets to each other (aggregation) via activated GPIIb/IIIa receptors produces potentially occlusive platelet thrombi. Platelets are consumed in the coagulation process, and bind [[fibrin]], the end product of the coagulation pathway. These platelet-fibrin complexes form microthrombi which circulate in the vasculature and cause shearing of [[red blood cell]]s, resulting in [[hemolysis]]. | TTP, as with other [[microangiopathic hemolytic anemia]]s (MAHAs), is caused by a spontaneous [[aggregation]] of [[platelet]]s and activation of [[coagulation]] in the small [[blood vessel]]s. When stimulated, endothelial cells secrete the ultra-large VWF multimers in long strips that remain anchored to the cell membrane. The long VWF multimeric strings are EXTREMELY "sticky" to the glycoprotein Iba components of platelet GPIb-IX-V surface receptors. The initial adherence of platelets via the GPIb receptors to the long VWF strings and the subsequent coherence of additional platelets to each other (aggregation) via activated GPIIb/IIIa receptors produces potentially occlusive platelet thrombi. Platelets are consumed in the coagulation process, and bind [[fibrin]], the end product of the coagulation pathway. These platelet-fibrin complexes form microthrombi which circulate in the vasculature and cause shearing of [[red blood cell]]s, resulting in [[hemolysis]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 13:12, 21 September 2012
|
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura causes On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura causes |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
ADAMTS13 is a zinc-requiring and calcium-requiring 190,000 Dalton glycosylated protein that is encoded on chromosome 9q34. It is a disintegrin and a metalloprotease with 8 thrombospondin 1-like domains composed of an aminoterminal metalloprotease followed by a disintegrin domain; a thrombospondin 1-like domain; a cysteine-rich domain and an adjacent spacer portion; seven additional thrombospondin 1-like domains and 2 other different types of domains that resemble each other at the carboxyl-terminal end of the molecule. It cleaves a tyrosine 1605-1606 methionine peptide bond of VWF. This protease is #13 in a family of 19 distinct ADAMTS-type metalloprotease enzymes. It is produced predominantly in endothelial cells for slow, constitutive release into the circulation. Endothelial cells can be stimulated to secrete long VWF strings by inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL8 & IL6, shiga toxins or estrogen). ADAMTS13 is inhibited by EDTA and therefore functional assays of the enzyme are usually performed using plasma anticoagulated with citrate (a weaker divalent cation binder than EDTA).
TTP, as with other microangiopathic hemolytic anemias (MAHAs), is caused by a spontaneous aggregation of platelets and activation of coagulation in the small blood vessels. When stimulated, endothelial cells secrete the ultra-large VWF multimers in long strips that remain anchored to the cell membrane. The long VWF multimeric strings are EXTREMELY "sticky" to the glycoprotein Iba components of platelet GPIb-IX-V surface receptors. The initial adherence of platelets via the GPIb receptors to the long VWF strings and the subsequent coherence of additional platelets to each other (aggregation) via activated GPIIb/IIIa receptors produces potentially occlusive platelet thrombi. Platelets are consumed in the coagulation process, and bind fibrin, the end product of the coagulation pathway. These platelet-fibrin complexes form microthrombi which circulate in the vasculature and cause shearing of red blood cells, resulting in hemolysis.