Calcium channel blockers overdose

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Calcium channel blockers are a class of medication used to treat high blood pressure. Calcium channel blocker overdose occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medication.

Diagnosis

Symptoms

• Confusion
• Constipation
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Irregular heartbeat
• Nausea
• Slow heartbeat
• Slurred speech
• Shortness of breath
• Weakness

Electrocardiogram

Bradycardia

EKG findings in calcium channel blocker overdose include:

• Sinus bradycardia
• Accelerated atrioventricular node conduction
• 2nd and 3rd degree heart block
• Sinus arrest with nodal escape rhythms
• Asystole

Treatment

• Activated charcoal
• Breathing tube (artificial respiration)
• Fluids through a vein (by IV)
• Laxative
• Medications to increase heart rate and blood pressure, and help reverse poisoning
• Tube through the nose into the stomach to wash out the stomach (gastric lavage)