Anaphylaxis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 17:43, 23 January 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Symptoms
Symptoms of anaphylaxis are related to the action of (IgE) and other anaphylatoxins, which act to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells (degranulation). In addition to other effects, histamine induces vasodilation of arterioles and constriction of bronchioles in the lungs, also known as bronchospasm (constriction of the airways).
Symptoms can include the following:
- Polyuria
- Respiratory distress
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Encephalitis
- Fainting
- Unconsciousness
- Urticaria (hives)
- Flushed appearance
- Angioedema (swelling of the lips, face, neck and throat)
- Tears (due to angioedema and stress)
- Vomiting
- Itching
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Anxiety
- Slurred speech
- Nasal congestion
- Palpitations
- Cough
The time between ingestion of the allergen and anaphylaxis symptoms can vary for some patients depending on the amount of allergen consumed and their reaction time. Symptoms can appear immediately, or can be delayed by half an hour to several hours after ingestion. [1] However, symptoms of anaphylaxis usually appear very quickly once they do begin.
Signs
Signs include:
- Abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia)
- Fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema)
- Hives
- Low blood pressure
- Mental confusion
- Rapid pulse
- Skin that is blue from lack of oxygen or pale from shock
- Swelling (angioedema) in the throat that may be severe enough to block the airway
- Swelling of the eyes or face
- Weakness
- Wheezing
The health care provider will wait to test for the specific allergen that caused anaphylaxis (if the cause is not obvious) until after treatment.
References
- ↑ ""Food Allergies"". Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Text "(March 28, 2007) " ignored (help)