Loeffler syndrome

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Loeffler's syndrome
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	J82
ICD-9	518.3
DiseasesDB	7580
MedlinePlus	000105
MeSH	D011657

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Löffler's syndrome; pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia; simple pulmonary eosinophilia

Overview

Loeffler's syndrome is a disease in which eosinophils accumulate in the lung in response to a parasitic infection.

Historical perspective

It was first described in 1932 by Wilhelm Löffler in cases of eosinophilic pneumonia caused by the parasites Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis and the hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.

Pathophysiology

Infecting larvae reach the lungs via the bloodstream, penetrate into alveoli, and ascend the airways before descending the alimentary tract into the small bowel. Alveolar penetration triggers off an allergic reaction leading to pulmonary eosinophilia.

Causes

• Ascaris lumbricoides
• Strongyloides stercoralis
• Ancylostoma duodenale
• Necator americanus