IgA nephropathy epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
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IgA nephropathy is the most common primary chronic glomerulonephritis in the developed world. It comprises approximately 10% of all biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis in USA, 20% of those in Europe and 40-50% of those in Asia.<ref name="pmid15882273">{{cite journal| author=Haubitz M, Wittke S, Weissinger EM, Walden M, Rupprecht HD, Floege J et al.| title=Urine protein patterns can serve as diagnostic tools in patients with IgA nephropathy. | journal=Kidney Int | year= 2005 | volume= 67 | issue= 6 | pages= 2313-20 | pmid=15882273 | doi=10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00335.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15882273 }} </ref> However, kidney biopsies are not routinely performed for all patients with kidney diseases; hence, IgA nephropathy is perhaps under-diagnosed, and its true prevalence remains unknown. | |||
IgA nephropathy is very prevalent in the Pacific Rim in Europe and North America<ref name="pmid15930092">{{cite journal| author=Barratt J, Feehally J| title=IgA nephropathy. | journal=J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 2005 | volume= 16 | issue= 7 | pages= 2088-97 | pmid=15930092 | doi=10.1681/ASN.2005020134 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15930092 }} </ref> and in the Far Eastern Asia in China and Japan (15341669). IgA nephropathy seems to be more common among males with a 2:1 male to female ratio for both children and adults based on studies in the USA.<ref name="pmid8523188">{{cite journal| author=Wyatt RJ, Kritchevsky SB, Woodford SY, Miller PM, Roy S, Holland NH et al.| title=IgA nephropathy: long-term prognosis for pediatric patients. | journal=J Pediatr | year= 1995 | volume= 127 | issue= 6 | pages= 913-9 | pmid=8523188 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8523188 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9596083">{{cite journal| author=Wyatt RJ, Julian BA, Baehler RW, Stafford CC, McMorrow RG, Ferguson T et al.| title=Epidemiology of IgA nephropathy in central and eastern Kentucky for the period 1975 through 1994. Central Kentucky Region of the Southeastern United States IgA Nephropathy DATABANK Project. | journal=J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 1998 | volume= 9 | issue= 5 | pages= 853-8 | pmid=9596083 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9596083 }} </ref> However, studies from Japan showed different ratios from those of USA; they often report an equal male to female ratio.<ref name="pmid21705126">{{cite journal| author=Feehally J, Cameron JS| title=IgA nephropathy: progress before and since Berger. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 2011 | volume= 58 | issue= 2 | pages= 310-9 | pmid=21705126 | doi=10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.03.024 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21705126 }} </ref> | |||
IgA nephropathy may present at any age. It is a frequently diagnosed glomerular disease in the pediatric and the adult population. The median age ranges between 30-40 years. Recently, the disease has become more recognized among the elderly with emergence of new incidents among patients in the older age groups.<ref name="pmid15930092">{{cite journal| author=Barratt J, Feehally J| title=IgA nephropathy. | journal=J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 2005 | volume= 16 | issue= 7 | pages= 2088-97 | pmid=15930092 | doi=10.1681/ASN.2005020134 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15930092 }} </ref> | |||
Although the classical presentation of IgA nephropathy is often recognized as gross hematuria in a young male patient following an upper respiratory tract infection, such findings are in fact only seen in 30-40% of the patients.<ref name="pmid15930092">{{cite journal| author=Barratt J, Feehally J| title=IgA nephropathy. | journal=J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 2005 | volume= 16 | issue= 7 | pages= 2088-97 | pmid=15930092 | doi=10.1681/ASN.2005020134 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15930092 }} </ref> Atypical presentations are more common among older patients. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE
IgA nephropathy is the most common primary chronic glomerulonephritis in the developed world. It comprises approximately 10% of all biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis in USA, 20% of those in Europe and 40-50% of those in Asia.[1] However, kidney biopsies are not routinely performed for all patients with kidney diseases; hence, IgA nephropathy is perhaps under-diagnosed, and its true prevalence remains unknown.
IgA nephropathy is very prevalent in the Pacific Rim in Europe and North America[2] and in the Far Eastern Asia in China and Japan (15341669). IgA nephropathy seems to be more common among males with a 2:1 male to female ratio for both children and adults based on studies in the USA.[3][4] However, studies from Japan showed different ratios from those of USA; they often report an equal male to female ratio.[5]
IgA nephropathy may present at any age. It is a frequently diagnosed glomerular disease in the pediatric and the adult population. The median age ranges between 30-40 years. Recently, the disease has become more recognized among the elderly with emergence of new incidents among patients in the older age groups.[2]
Although the classical presentation of IgA nephropathy is often recognized as gross hematuria in a young male patient following an upper respiratory tract infection, such findings are in fact only seen in 30-40% of the patients.[2] Atypical presentations are more common among older patients.
References
- ↑ Haubitz M, Wittke S, Weissinger EM, Walden M, Rupprecht HD, Floege J; et al. (2005). "Urine protein patterns can serve as diagnostic tools in patients with IgA nephropathy". Kidney Int. 67 (6): 2313–20. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00335.x. PMID 15882273.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Barratt J, Feehally J (2005). "IgA nephropathy". J Am Soc Nephrol. 16 (7): 2088–97. doi:10.1681/ASN.2005020134. PMID 15930092.
- ↑ Wyatt RJ, Kritchevsky SB, Woodford SY, Miller PM, Roy S, Holland NH; et al. (1995). "IgA nephropathy: long-term prognosis for pediatric patients". J Pediatr. 127 (6): 913–9. PMID 8523188.
- ↑ Wyatt RJ, Julian BA, Baehler RW, Stafford CC, McMorrow RG, Ferguson T; et al. (1998). "Epidemiology of IgA nephropathy in central and eastern Kentucky for the period 1975 through 1994. Central Kentucky Region of the Southeastern United States IgA Nephropathy DATABANK Project". J Am Soc Nephrol. 9 (5): 853–8. PMID 9596083.
- ↑ Feehally J, Cameron JS (2011). "IgA nephropathy: progress before and since Berger". Am J Kidney Dis. 58 (2): 310–9. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.03.024. PMID 21705126.