Long QT Syndrome risk stratification

Long QT Syndrome Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Long QT Syndrome from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Stratification
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Genetic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Case Studies
Case #1
Long QT Syndrome risk stratification On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
Programs
slides
[1]
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Long QT Syndrome risk stratification All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
on Long QT Syndrome risk stratification
CDC onLong QT Syndrome risk stratification
QT Syndrome risk stratification in the news
on Long QT Syndrome risk stratification
Directions to Hospitals Treating Long QT Syndrome
Risk calculators and risk factors for Long QT Syndrome risk stratification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]

Overview

The genetic variant (LQT1-8), the gender and the QT interval are associated with the risk of a cardiac event. A history of prior events (syncope, fainting spells, seizures, sudden death) and a family history of cardiac events are associated with an increased risk of subsequent cardiac events.

Risk Factors for Torsade de Pointes and Sudden Cardiac Death

• Persons with a history of repeated fainting episodes or syncope. If there are more than 2 fainting spells in under 2 years, the risk of an aborted SCD or SCD is increased 18 fold.
• A prior history of cardiac arrest.
• Family members of persons with repeated fainting, accidents, seizures or a history of cardiac arrest.
• Persons who are on certain medications that are known to cause a prolonged QT interval on electrocardiogram.
• Persons who are first degree relatives of people with know long QT syndrome.
• Persons who suffer from anorexia nervosa, or who have low levels of magnesium, calcium or potassium in their blood

Risk stratification

The risk for an untreated LQTS patients sustaining an events (syncope or cardiac arrest) can be predicted from their genotype (LQT1-8), gender and corrected QT interval.

High risk

• Risk of event: >50%

QTc > 500 msec LQT1 & LQT2 & LQT3(males)

Intermediate risk

• Risk of event: 30-50%

QTc > 500 msec LQT3(females)

QTc < 500 msec LQT2(females)& LQT3

Low risk

• Risk of event: <30%)

QTc < 500 msec LQT1 & LQT2 (males)