Chronic hypertension epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Hypertension is one of the most common diseases | [[Hypertension]] is considered an epidemic worldwide. It continues to be one of the most common diseases. Data in the United States in 2009-2010 from the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) demonstrated that the overall age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension among U.S. adults aged 18 and older was 28.6% <ref name="pmid23102115">{{cite journal| author=Yoon SS, Burt V, Louis T, Carroll MD| title=Hypertension among adults in the United States, 2009-2010. | journal=NCHS Data Brief | year= 2012 | volume= | issue= 107 | pages= 1-8 | pmid=23102115 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23102115 }} </ref>. Similar surveys conducted in Europe estimated the prevalence of hypertension to be 44%<ref name="pmid12746359">{{cite journal| author=Wolf-Maier K, Cooper RS, Banegas JR, Giampaoli S, Hense HW, Joffres M et al.| title=Hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels in 6 European countries, Canada, and the United States. | journal=JAMA | year= 2003 | volume= 289 | issue= 18 | pages= 2363-9 | pmid=12746359 | doi=10.1001/jama.289.18.2363 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12746359 }} </ref>. | ||
==Prevalence== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
1 | *Worldwide data currently estimates the prevalence of hypertension to be 972 million people with incidence rates ranging yearly between 3% and 18%<ref name="pmid16533126">{{cite journal| author=Hajjar I, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA| title=Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control. | journal=Annu Rev Public Health | year= 2006 | volume= 27 | issue= | pages= 465-90 | pmid=16533126 | doi=10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102132 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16533126 }} </ref>. | ||
*Contrary to data from the 1990s suggesting the decrease of hypertension prevalence, recent data has in fact revealed that the prevalence of hypertension is increasing again (Ref: 16533126). Despite the high prevalence of hypertensive patients, NHANES reports that there is a significant increase in awareness, treatment, and control among hypertensive patients over the last 10 years <ref name="pmid23102115">{{cite journal| author=Yoon SS, Burt V, Louis T, Carroll MD| title=Hypertension among adults in the United States, 2009-2010. | journal=NCHS Data Brief | year= 2012 | volume= | issue= 107 | pages= 1-8 | pmid=23102115 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23102115 }} </ref>. | |||
*The Prevalence of hypertension varies according to age, gender, and ethnicity: | |||
====Age:==== | |||
6.8% among those aged 18-39 in contrast to 66.7% among those aged 60 and over. To note, the universal rise in systolic [[blood pressure]] with age is likely the principle etiology for the increased incidence and prevalence of hypertension<ref name="pmid16512265">{{cite journal| author=Cuddy ML| title=Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1). | journal=J Pract Nurs | year= 2005 | volume= 55 | issue= 4 | pages= 17-21; quiz 22-3 | pmid=16512265 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16512265 }} </ref>. | |||
====Gender:==== | |||
29.4% among men in contrast to 27.5% among women<ref name="pmid16512265">{{cite journal| author=Cuddy ML| title=Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1). | journal=J Pract Nurs | year= 2005 | volume= 55 | issue= 4 | pages= 17-21; quiz 22-3 | pmid=16512265 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16512265 }} </ref>. | |||
====Ethnicity:==== | |||
40.4% among non-Hispanic black persons in contrast to 27.4% among white non-Hispanic and 26.1% among Hispanic individuals<ref name="pmid16512265">{{cite journal| author=Cuddy ML| title=Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1). | journal=J Pract Nurs | year= 2005 | volume= 55 | issue= 4 | pages= 17-21; quiz 22-3 | pmid=16512265 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16512265 }} </ref>. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 16:32, 10 February 2013
|
Hypertension Main page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Taylor Palmieri
Overview
Hypertension is considered an epidemic worldwide. It continues to be one of the most common diseases. Data in the United States in 2009-2010 from the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) demonstrated that the overall age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension among U.S. adults aged 18 and older was 28.6% [1]. Similar surveys conducted in Europe estimated the prevalence of hypertension to be 44%[2].
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Worldwide data currently estimates the prevalence of hypertension to be 972 million people with incidence rates ranging yearly between 3% and 18%[3].
- Contrary to data from the 1990s suggesting the decrease of hypertension prevalence, recent data has in fact revealed that the prevalence of hypertension is increasing again (Ref: 16533126). Despite the high prevalence of hypertensive patients, NHANES reports that there is a significant increase in awareness, treatment, and control among hypertensive patients over the last 10 years [1].
- The Prevalence of hypertension varies according to age, gender, and ethnicity:
Age:
6.8% among those aged 18-39 in contrast to 66.7% among those aged 60 and over. To note, the universal rise in systolic blood pressure with age is likely the principle etiology for the increased incidence and prevalence of hypertension[4].
Gender:
29.4% among men in contrast to 27.5% among women[4].
Ethnicity:
40.4% among non-Hispanic black persons in contrast to 27.4% among white non-Hispanic and 26.1% among Hispanic individuals[4].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Yoon SS, Burt V, Louis T, Carroll MD (2012). "Hypertension among adults in the United States, 2009-2010". NCHS Data Brief (107): 1–8. PMID 23102115.
- ↑ Wolf-Maier K, Cooper RS, Banegas JR, Giampaoli S, Hense HW, Joffres M; et al. (2003). "Hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels in 6 European countries, Canada, and the United States". JAMA. 289 (18): 2363–9. doi:10.1001/jama.289.18.2363. PMID 12746359.
- ↑ Hajjar I, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA (2006). "Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control". Annu Rev Public Health. 27: 465–90. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102132. PMID 16533126.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Cuddy ML (2005). "Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1)". J Pract Nurs. 55 (4): 17–21, quiz 22-3. PMID 16512265.