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==Risk Factors: Agents and Scenarios that Provoke the Brugada Syndrome Pattern== | ==Risk Factors: Agents and Scenarios that Provoke the Brugada Syndrome Pattern== | ||
The electrocardiographic findings of Brugada syndrome are often concealed, but can be unmasked or modulated by a number of drugs and pathophysiological states including (in alphabetical order): | The electrocardiographic findings of Brugada syndrome are often concealed, but can be unmasked or modulated by a number of drugs and pathophysiological states including (in alphabetical order)<ref name="pmid15898165">{{cite journal |author=Antzelevitch C, Brugada P, Borggrefe M, Brugada J, Brugada R, Corrado D, Gussak I, LeMarec H, Nademanee K, Perez Riera AR, Shimizu W, Schulze-Bahr E, Tan H, Wilde A |title=Brugada syndrome: report of the second consensus conference |journal=[[Heart Rhythm : the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society]] |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=429–40 |year=2005 |month=April |pmid=15898165 |doi= |url= |issn= |accessdate=2012-10-13}}</ref>: | ||
*A combination of [[glucose]] and [[insulin]] | *A combination of [[glucose]] and [[insulin]] | ||
*[[Ajmaline]] (a diagnostic test agent) | *[[Ajmaline]] (a diagnostic test agent) |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Risk Factors: Agents and Scenarios that Provoke the Brugada Syndrome Pattern
The electrocardiographic findings of Brugada syndrome are often concealed, but can be unmasked or modulated by a number of drugs and pathophysiological states including (in alphabetical order)[1]:
- A combination of glucose and insulin
- Ajmaline (a diagnostic test agent)
- α-adrenergic agonists
- β-adrenergic blockers
- Cocaine
- Fever
- Flecainide (a diagnostic test agent)
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia
- In large studies, a family history of sudden cardiac death among patients with Brugada syndrome does not appear to be a risk factor for sudden cardiac death in siblings.
- Procainamide (a diagnostic test agent)
- Propranolol intoxication
- Sodium channel blockers (a diagnostic test agent)
- Tetracyclic antidepressants
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Vagotonic agents that mimic sleep
Risk Statification
- Patients with syncope and an abnormal Type 1 ECG are at higher risk
- Asymptomatic patients at risk can be identified
- Presence of spontaneous Type 1 ST-segment elevation
- Characteristics of the S wave
- Presence of late potentials
- Inducibility of VT/VF using PES is controversial as a risk factor.
References
- ↑ Antzelevitch C, Brugada P, Borggrefe M, Brugada J, Brugada R, Corrado D, Gussak I, LeMarec H, Nademanee K, Perez Riera AR, Shimizu W, Schulze-Bahr E, Tan H, Wilde A (2005). "Brugada syndrome: report of the second consensus conference". Heart Rhythm : the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society. 2 (4): 429–40. PMID 15898165. Unknown parameter
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