Torsades de pointes risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Long QT syndrome]] can either be inherited as congenital mutations of ion channels carrying the cardiac impulse/action potential, or acquired as a result of drugs that block these cardiac ion currents. | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Factors that are associated with an increased tendency toward torsades de pointes include: | Factors that are associated with an increased tendency toward torsades de pointes include: | ||
Revision as of 16:03, 18 October 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Long QT syndrome can either be inherited as congenital mutations of ion channels carrying the cardiac impulse/action potential, or acquired as a result of drugs that block these cardiac ion currents.
Risk Factors
Factors that are associated with an increased tendency toward torsades de pointes include:
- Familial long QT syndrome
- Class IA antiarrhythmics
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hypokalemia
- Hypoxia
- Acidosis
- Heart failure
- Left ventricular hypertrophy
- Slow heart rate
- Female gender
- Baseline electrocardiographic abnormalities
- Renal or liver failure
Clinical Correlation
- Drugs: quinidine, PCA, norpace, amiodarone, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, pentamidine.
- with quinidine majority of the cases occur within one week of initiation, and with therapeutic levels
- Electrolyte imbalances: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia
- CAD
- MVP
- Variant angina
- Myocarditis
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- Congenital QT prolongation
- Liquid protein diets
- Hypothyroidism
- because of bradycardia and a prolonged QT syndrome
- Organophosphate poisoning [1] [2]