Persistent truncus arteriosus pathophysiology & etiology: Difference between revisions
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In normal circulation, the pulmonary artery comes out of the right ventricle and the aorta comes out of the left ventricle, which are separate from each other. Coronary arteries (which supply blood to the heart muscle) come out of the aorta just above the valve at the entrance of the aorta. | |||
In truncus arteriosus, a single artery comes out of the ventricles. There is usually also a large hole between the two ventricles (ventricular septal defect). As a result, the blue (without oxygen) and red (oxygen-rich) blood mix. | |||
Some of this mixed blood goes to the lungs, some goes to the coronary arteries, and the rest goes to the body. Usually, too much blood is sent to the lungs. | |||
If this condition is not treated, two problems occur: | |||
* Too much blood circulation in the lungs may cause extra fluid to build up in and around them, making it difficult to breathe. | |||
* The blood vessels to the lungs become permanently damaged. Over time, it becomes very hard for the heart to force blood to them. This is called pulmonary hypertension and it can be life-threatening. | |||
===Associated Conditions=== | |||
Anatomical changes associated with this disorder includes: | |||
* single artery arising from the two [[ventricle (heart)|ventricles]] which gives rise to both the aortic and pulmonary vessels | |||
* abnormal [[truncal valve]] | |||
* right sided [[aortic arch]] in about 30% of cases (not shown) | |||
* large [[ventricular septal defect]] | |||
* [[pulmonary hypertension]] | |||
* complete mixing occurring at level of the [[great vessel]] | |||
* right-to-left shunting of blood | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 04:25, 15 October 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor-in-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Diagrams to illustrate the transformation of the bulbus cordis. Ao. Truncus arteriosus. Au. Atrium. B. Bulbus cordis. RV. Right ventricle. LV. Left ventricle. P. Pulmonary artery.
In normal circulation, the pulmonary artery comes out of the right ventricle and the aorta comes out of the left ventricle, which are separate from each other. Coronary arteries (which supply blood to the heart muscle) come out of the aorta just above the valve at the entrance of the aorta.
In truncus arteriosus, a single artery comes out of the ventricles. There is usually also a large hole between the two ventricles (ventricular septal defect). As a result, the blue (without oxygen) and red (oxygen-rich) blood mix.
Some of this mixed blood goes to the lungs, some goes to the coronary arteries, and the rest goes to the body. Usually, too much blood is sent to the lungs.
If this condition is not treated, two problems occur:
- Too much blood circulation in the lungs may cause extra fluid to build up in and around them, making it difficult to breathe.
- The blood vessels to the lungs become permanently damaged. Over time, it becomes very hard for the heart to force blood to them. This is called pulmonary hypertension and it can be life-threatening.
Associated Conditions
Anatomical changes associated with this disorder includes:
- single artery arising from the two ventricles which gives rise to both the aortic and pulmonary vessels
- abnormal truncal valve
- right sided aortic arch in about 30% of cases (not shown)
- large ventricular septal defect
- pulmonary hypertension
- complete mixing occurring at level of the great vessel
- right-to-left shunting of blood