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| *[[Yellow fever]] | | *[[Yellow fever]] |
| {{EndMultiCol}} | | {{EndMultiCol}} |
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| In alphabetical order. <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>
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| * [[Alcohol]]
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| * [[Anaphylaxis]]
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| * [[Anxiety]]
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| * [[Basophil chronic granulocytic leukemia]]
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| * [[Carcinoid syndrome]]
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| * [[Dehydration]]
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| * [[Drugs]]: Physiological response to [[vasodilator]]s — for instance, a recent high dose of [[niacin]], [[nitroglycerine]], [[Calcium Channel Blocker|calcium channel blockers]], or any drug that causes release of [[adrenal]] [[hormone]]s that raise blood pressure such as [[stimulant]]s
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| * Emotions: [[anger]], [[embarrassment]]
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| * [[Erythromelagia]]
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| * Exercise: An abrupt cessation of physical [[Exercise|exertion]] (resulting in [[heart]] output in excess of current [[muscle|muscular]] need for [[blood]] flow)
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| * Extremes of emotion
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| * Heat
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| * High [[fever]]
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| * Hot beverages
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| * Hypertonic crisis
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| * [[Limerence]]
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| * [[Mastocytosis]]
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| * [[Medullary carcinoma]] of the thyroid
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| * [[Menopause|Menopausal]] flushing
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| * Neuroendocrine tumors: [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[pheochromocytoma]], [[VIPoma]], [[Thyroid cancer|thyroid medullary carcinoma]]
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| * [[Pheochromocytoma]]
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| * [[Menopause|Post-menopausal]] decrease in estrogen production
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| * Psychedelics or other drugs, such as [[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate|3-Quiniclidinyl Benzilate]](BZ)
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| * [[Quincke's Edema]]
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| * Rapid changes in temperature
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| * [[Renal cell carcinoma]]
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| * [[Retinoids]]
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| * [[Rosacea]]
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| * [[Sexual arousal]] (see section to follow)
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| * Spicy foods
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| * [[Thyrontoxicosis]]
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| * [[Trigeminal Neuralgia]]
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| * Vegetative [[dystonia]]
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| * [[VIPoma]] ('''V'''asoactive '''I'''ntestinal '''P'''eptide-producing tumor)
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| * WDHA ('''W'''atery '''D'''iarrhea, '''H'''ypokalemia, '''A'''chlorhydria)
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| ==Sex flush== | | ==Sex flush== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
For a person to flush is to become markedly red in the face and often other areas of the skin, from various physiological conditions. Flushing is generally distinguished, despite a close physiological relation between them, from blushing, which is milder, generally restricted to the face or cheeks, and generally assumed to reflect embarrassment. Flushing is also a cardinal symptom of carcinoid syndrome – the syndrome that results from hormones (often serotonin or histamine) being secreted into systemic circulation.
Causes of Flushing
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
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Accelerated hypertension
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| Chemical / poisoning
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No underlying causes
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| Dermatologic
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Mastocytosis, Rosacea, POEMS syndrome
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| Drug Side Effect
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Acipimox, Adenosine, Ambrisentan, Amlodipine, Amyl nitrite, Aspirin, Betahistine, Bosentan, Bromocriptine, Butyl nitrite, Cabergoline, Calcitonin, Calcium channel blockers, Caspofungin, Chlorpropamide, Cholinergics, Cyclosporin, Cyclosporine, Cyproterone acetate, Danazol, Dinoprostone, Epoprostenol, Erythropoietin, Ethanol, Felodipine, Fenoldopam, Gemeprost, Gestrinone, Glatiramer acetate, Glyceryl trinitrate, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide mononitrate, Isradipine, Licorice, Lysuride, Methionine, Metrifonate, Micafungin, Morphine, Nasal decongestants, Nicorandil, Nicotinic acid, Nifedipine, Nitrendipine, Nitroglycerin, Opioids, Pergolide, Physiological response to vasodilators , Piribedil, Prostaglandins, Protamine sulfate, Psychedelics, Quinidine,Reboxetine, Regadenoson, Reproterol, Retinoids, Rifampin, Ropinirole, Salbutamol, Serotonin, Sildenafil, Sodium nitrite, Sulprostone, Tadalafil, Tamoxifen, Thyrotropin releasing hormone, Thyrotrophin releasing peptide, Triamcinolone, Trilostane, Vancomycin, Vardenafil
|
| Ear Nose Throat
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No underlying causes
|
| Endocrine
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Carcinoid syndrome, Thyrotoxicosis, POEMS syndrome, Carcinoid tumour, Medullary thyroid carcinoma, Phaeochromocytoma
|
| Environmental
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No underlying causes
|
| Gastroenterologic
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WDHA, Pancreatic cancer
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| Genetic
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Erythromelalgia
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| Hematologic
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Polycythaemia, Polycythaemia rubra vera, Primary thrombocythemia, Thrombocytosis, Basophil chronic granulocytic leukemia
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| Iatrogenic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Infectious Disease
|
Viral hemorrhagic fever, Yellow fever
|
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho
|
No underlying causes
|
| Neurologic
|
Auriculotemporal nerve syndrome, Frey's syndrome, Harlequin syndrome, Monoamine oxidase deficiency, POEMS syndrome, Spinal autonomic dysreflexia, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Vegetative dystonia, Erythromelalgia
|
| Nutritional / Metabolic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
Menopausal flushing
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| Oncologic
|
Adrenal neoplasm, Basophil chronic granulocytic leukemia, Carcinoid tumour, Insulinoma, Medullary thyroid carcinoma, Neuroendocrine tumors, Pancreatic cancer, Phaeochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, VIPoma
|
| Opthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose / Toxicity
|
Acipimox, Adenosine, Ambrisentan, Amlodipine, Amyl nitrite, Aspirin, Betahistine, Bosentan, Bromocriptine, Butyl nitrite, Cabergoline, Calcitonin, Calcium channel blockers, Caspofungin, Chlorpropamide, Cholinergics, Cyclosporin, Cyclosporine, Cyproterone acetate, Danazol, Dinoprostone, Epoprostenol, Erythropoietin, Ethanol, Felodipine, Fenoldopam, Gemeprost, Gestrinone, Glatiramer acetate, Glyceryl trinitrate, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide mononitrate, Isradipine, Licorice, Lysuride, Methionine, Metrifonate, Micafungin, Morphine, Nasal decongestants, Nicorandil, Nicotinic acid, Nifedipine, Nitrendipine, Nitroglycerin, Opioids, Pergolide, Physiological response to vasodilators , Piribedil, Prostaglandins, Protamine sulfate, Psychedelics, Quinidine,Reboxetine, Regadenoson, Reproterol, Retinoids, Rifampin, Ropinirole, Salbutamol, Serotonin, Sildenafil, Sodium nitrite, Sulprostone, Tadalafil, Tamoxifen, Thyrotropin releasing hormone, Thyrotrophin releasing peptide, Triamcinolone, Trilostane, Vancomycin, Vardenafil
|
| Psychiatric
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Acute stress disorder, Limerence
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| Pulmonary
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No underlying causes
|
| Renal / Electrolyte
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Hypermagnesemia, WDHA , Renal cell carcinoma
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| Rheum / Immune / Allergy
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Allergy, Anaphylaxis, Quincke's edema
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| Sexual
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Pseudocarcinoid syndrome in secondary male hypogonadism, Sexual arousal
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| Trauma
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No underlying causes
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| Urologic
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No underlying causes
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| Dental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Miscellaneous
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Alcohol, An abrupt cessation of physical exertion, Anger, Anxiety, Dehydration, Embarrassment, Exercise, Extremes of emotion, Heat, High fever, Hot beverages, Hypertonic crisis, Rapid changes in temperature, Red plums, Spicy foods, Straining, Stress, Tomatoes, Valsalve maneuver, Vigorous coughing
|
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Sex flush
Commonly referred to as the sex flush, vasocongestion (increased blood flow) of the skin can occur during all four phases of the human sexual response cycle. Studies show that the sex flush occurs in approximately 50-75% of females and 25% of males, yet not consistently. The sex flush tends to occur more often under warmer conditions and may not appear at all under cooler temperatures. It has also been commonly observed that the marked degree of the sex flush can predict the intensity of orgasm to follow.
During the female sex flush, pinkish spots develop under the breasts, then spread to the breasts, torso, face, hands, soles of the feet, and possibly over the entire body. Vasocongestion is also responsible for the darkening of the clitoris and the walls of the vagina during sexual arousal. During the male sex flush, the coloration of the skin develops less consistently than in the female, but typically starts with the epigastrium (upper abdomen), spreads across the chest, then continues to the neck, face, forehead, back, and sometimes, shoulders and forearms.
The sex flush typically disappears soon after orgasm occurs, but this may take up to two hours or so, and sometimes, intense sweating will occur simultaneously. The flush usually diminishes in reverse of which it appeared.
See also
References
Template:Skin and subcutaneous tissue symptoms and signs
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