Autoimmune hepatitis (patient information)

Autoimmune hepatitis
Overview
What are the symptoms?
What are the causes?
Diagnosis
When to seek urgent medical care?
Treatment options
Where to find medical care?
Prevention
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Possible complications
Autoimmune hepatitis On the Web
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
Images of Autoimmune hepatitis
Videos on Autoimmune hepatitis
FDA on Autoimmune hepatitis
CDC on Autoimmune hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis in the news
Blogs on Autoimmune hepatitis
Directions to Hospitals Treating Autoimmune hepatitis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Autoimmune hepatitis

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];

Overview

Autoimmune hepatitis is inflammation of the liver that occurs when immune cells mistake the liver's normal cells for harmful invaders and attack them.

What are the symptoms?

• Abdominal distention
• Dark urine
• Fatigue
• General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling (malaise)
• Itching
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea or vomiting
• Pale or clay-colored stools

Other symptoms that may occur with this disease include absence of menstruation (amenorrhea).

What are the causes?

In patients who have an autoimmune disease, the immune system can't tell the difference between healthy body tissue and harmful, outside substances. The result is an immune response that destroys normal body tissues.

Liver inflammation, or hepatitis may occur along with other autoimmune diseases, including:

• Graves disease
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Scleroderma
• Sjogren syndrome
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Thyroiditis
• Type 1 diabetes
• Ulcerative colitis

Autoimmune hepatitis sometimes occurs in relatives of people with autoimmune diseases, which suggests that there is a genetic cause.

This disease is most common in young girls and women.

Diagnosis

• Abnormal liver function tests
• Liver biopsy showing chronic hepatitis

Tests for autoimmune hepatitis:

• Anti-liver kidney microsome type 1 antibody (anti LKM-1)
• Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
• Anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA)
• Serum IgG