Acanthocytosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Acanthocytosis is a red cell phenotype associated with various underlying conditions. The most frequent and most significant conditions include abetalipoproteinemia (Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome) and spur cell hemolytic anemia of severe liver disease. Other, less frequent conditions include the following:

• Neuroacanthocytosis
• Anorexia nervosa and other malnutrition states
• Infantile pyknocytosis
• McLeod syndrome
• In(Lu) null Lutheran phenotype
• Hypothyroidism
• Idiopathic neonatal hepatitis
• Myxedema
• Transient hemolysis and stomatocytosis in individuals with alcoholism and mild hemolysis and spherocytosis in individuals with congestive splenomegaly
• Homozygous familial hypobetalipoproteinemia
• Zieve syndrome
• Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) associated with McLeod red cell phenotype