Miliary tuberculosis (patient information)

Miliary tuberculosis
Overview
What are the symptoms?
What are the causes?
Diagnosis
When to seek urgent medical care?
Treatment options
Where to find medical care for Miliary tuberculosis?
Prevention
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Possible complications
Miliary tuberculosis On the Web
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
Images of Miliary tuberculosis
Videos on Miliary tuberculosis
FDA on Miliary tuberculosis
CDC on Miliary tuberculosis
Miliary tuberculosis in the news
Blogs on Miliary tuberculosis
Directions to Hospitals Treating Miliary tuberculosis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Miliary tuberculosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:

Overview

Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that has spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the blood or lymph system.

What are the symptoms of Miliary tuberculosis?

Disseminated tuberculosis can affect many different body areas. Symptoms can include:

• Cough
• Fatigue
• Fever
• General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling (malaise)
• Shortness of breath
• Sweating
• Weight loss

Other symptoms that can occur with this disease:

• Abdominal swelling

• Chills

• Joint pain

• Pale skin due to anemia (pallor)

• Swollen glands

Note: The symptoms will depend upon the affected areas of the body.

What causes Miliary tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) infection can develop after inhaling droplets sprayed into the air from a cough or sneeze by someone infected with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. Small areas of infection, called granulomas (granular tumors), develop in the lungs.

The usual site of TB is the lungs, but other organs can be involved. In the U.S., most people with primary tuberculous get better and have no further evidence of disease. Disseminated TB develops in the small number of infected people whose immune systems do not successfully contain the primary infection.

Disseminated disease can occur within weeks of the primary infection. Sometimes, it does not occur until years after you become infected. You are more likely to get this type of TB if you have a weaken immune system due to disease (such as AIDS) or certain medications. Infants and the elderly are also at higher risk.

Your risk for catching TB increases if you:

• Are around people who have the disease

• Live in crowded or unclean conditions

• Have poor nutrition

TB has become more common in the U.S. in recent years. This may be due to a larger number of TB infections in people with AIDS and HIV, an increase in the number of immune-suppressing medications, and increasing numbers of homeless people. A rise in drug-resistant strains of TB bacteria also plays a role.

Where to find medical care for Miliary tuberculosis?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Miliary tuberculosis

Sources

• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000624.htm