A wave: Difference between revisions

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See the main page on [[Jugular venous pressure#JVP waveform|JVP waveforms]] for more details.
See the main page on [[Jugular venous pressure#JVP waveform|JVP waveforms]] for more details.


[[Image:Jvp-waveform.jpg|left|frame|
Shown below is an image depicting the typical a wave pattern as seen on an EKG.
 
[[Image:Jvp-waveform.jpg|center|500px|frame|
'''a''' = atrial contraction, occurs just before 1st heart sound and carotid pulse
'''a''' = atrial contraction, occurs just before 1st heart sound and carotid pulse
'''x''' = atrial relaxation
'''x''' = atrial relaxation

Revision as of 17:36, 26 November 2012

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The a wave is an upward deflection in the right atrial pressure that occurs during right atrial contraction.

See the main page on JVP waveforms for more details.

Shown below is an image depicting the typical a wave pattern as seen on an EKG.

a = atrial contraction, occurs just before 1st heart sound and carotid pulse x = atrial relaxation c = bulging of tricuspid valve during isovolumetric contraction; x 1 = occurs during ventricular contraction pulling down the tricuspid valve “descent of the base”; v = occurs during venous filling of the atrium with a closed tricuspid valve\; y = opening of tricuspid valve and right atrium emptying


Abnormalities in the JVP Waveforms

Absence of a wave Atrial fibrillation
Flutter of a wave Atrial flutter
Prominent a waves First-degree atrioventricular block
Large a waves Tricuspid stenosis, Right atrial myxoma, Pulmonary hypertension, Pulmonic stenosis
Absent x descent Tricuspid regurgitation
Prominent x descent Conditions associated with large a waves
Slow y descent Tricuspid stenosis, Right atrial myxoma
Rapid y descent Constrictive pericarditis, severe Right heart failure, Tricuspid regurgitation, Atrial septal defect
Absent y descent Cardiac tamponade

References

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