Opisthorchiasis medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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==Medical Therapy== | |||
There was unsuccessful use of [[chloroquine]] for opisthorchiasis treatment in 1951-1968.<ref name="WHO 1995"/> | |||
Thus, currently, the control of opisthorchiasis relies predominantly on [[anthelmintic]] treatment with [[praziquantel]].<ref name="Young 2010"/> The single dose of praziquantel of 40 mg/kg is effective against opisthorchiasis and also against [[schistosomiasis]].<ref name="WHO 1995"/> A randomised-controlled trial published in 2011 showed that the broad-spectrum anti-helminthic, tribendimidine, appears to be at least as efficacious as praziquantel.<ref>{{cite doi| 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70250-4}}</ref> | |||
[[Artemisinin]] was also found to have [[anthelmintic]] activity against ''Opisthorchis viverrini''.<ref>{{Cite PMID|17975411}}.</ref> | |||
Despite the efficacy of this compound, the lack of an acquired immunity to infection predisposes humans to reinfections in endemic regions.<ref name="Young 2010"/> In addition, under experimental conditions, the short-term treatment of ''Opisthorchis viverrini''-infected [[hamster]]s with praziquantel (400 mg per kg of live weight) has been shown to induce a dispersion of parasite antigens, resulting in adverse immunopathological changes as a result of oxidative and nitrative stresses following re-infection with ''Opisthorchis viverrini'', a process which has been proposed to initiate and/or promote the development of cholangiocarcinoma in humans.<ref name="Young 2010"/> | |||
Given the current reliance on a single trematocidal drug against ''Opisthorchis viverrini'', there is substantial merit in searching for new intervention methods, built on a detailed understanding of the interplay between the parasites and their hosts as well as the biology of the parasites themselves at the molecular level.<ref name="Young 2010"/> Furthermore, the characterization of the genes expressed in these parasites should assist in elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which opisthorchiasis initiate and enhance the development of cholangiocarcinoma.<ref name="Young 2010"/> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Needs | [[Category:Needs overview]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Revision as of 19:47, 26 November 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Medical Therapy
There was unsuccessful use of chloroquine for opisthorchiasis treatment in 1951-1968.[1]
Thus, currently, the control of opisthorchiasis relies predominantly on anthelmintic treatment with praziquantel.[2] The single dose of praziquantel of 40 mg/kg is effective against opisthorchiasis and also against schistosomiasis.[1] A randomised-controlled trial published in 2011 showed that the broad-spectrum anti-helminthic, tribendimidine, appears to be at least as efficacious as praziquantel.[3]
Artemisinin was also found to have anthelmintic activity against Opisthorchis viverrini.[4]
Despite the efficacy of this compound, the lack of an acquired immunity to infection predisposes humans to reinfections in endemic regions.[2] In addition, under experimental conditions, the short-term treatment of Opisthorchis viverrini-infected hamsters with praziquantel (400 mg per kg of live weight) has been shown to induce a dispersion of parasite antigens, resulting in adverse immunopathological changes as a result of oxidative and nitrative stresses following re-infection with Opisthorchis viverrini, a process which has been proposed to initiate and/or promote the development of cholangiocarcinoma in humans.[2]
Given the current reliance on a single trematocidal drug against Opisthorchis viverrini, there is substantial merit in searching for new intervention methods, built on a detailed understanding of the interplay between the parasites and their hosts as well as the biology of the parasites themselves at the molecular level.[2] Furthermore, the characterization of the genes expressed in these parasites should assist in elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which opisthorchiasis initiate and enhance the development of cholangiocarcinoma.[2]