Hepatotoxicity overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Hepatotoxicity implies chemical-driven [[liver]] damage. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents. Certain medicinal agents when taken in overdoses and sometime even when introduced within therapeutic ranges may injure the organ. Other chemical agents such as those used in laboratories and industries, natural chemicals (e.g. [[microcystin]]s) and herbal remedies can also induce hepatotoxicity. Chemicals that cause liver injury are called [[hepatotoxin]]s. | |||
More than 900 drugs have been implicated in causing liver injury<ref name="isbn0-8385-1551-7">{{cite book |author=Friedman, Scott E.; Grendell, James H.; McQuaid, Kenneth R. |title=Current diagnosis & treatment in gastroenterology |publisher=Lang Medical Books/McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=2003 |pages=p664-679 |isbn=0-8385-1551-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> and it is the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market. Chemicals often cause [[subclinical]] injury to liver which manifests only as abnormal [[Liver function tests|liver enzyme tests]]. Drug induced liver injury is responsible for 5% of all hospital admissions and 50% of all [[acute liver failure]]s.<ref name="isbn1-56053-618-7">{{cite book |author=McNally, Peter F. |title=GI/Liver Secrets: with STUDENT CONSULT Access |publisher=C.V. Mosby |location=Saint Louis |year= |pages= |isbn=1-56053-618-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiødt FV, ''et al'' |title=Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=137 |issue=12 |pages=947–54 |year=2002 |pmid=12484709 |doi=}}</ref> | More than 900 drugs have been implicated in causing liver injury<ref name="isbn0-8385-1551-7">{{cite book |author=Friedman, Scott E.; Grendell, James H.; McQuaid, Kenneth R. |title=Current diagnosis & treatment in gastroenterology |publisher=Lang Medical Books/McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=2003 |pages=p664-679 |isbn=0-8385-1551-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> and it is the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market. Chemicals often cause [[subclinical]] injury to liver which manifests only as abnormal [[Liver function tests|liver enzyme tests]]. Drug induced liver injury is responsible for 5% of all hospital admissions and 50% of all [[acute liver failure]]s.<ref name="isbn1-56053-618-7">{{cite book |author=McNally, Peter F. |title=GI/Liver Secrets: with STUDENT CONSULT Access |publisher=C.V. Mosby |location=Saint Louis |year= |pages= |isbn=1-56053-618-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiødt FV, ''et al'' |title=Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=137 |issue=12 |pages=947–54 |year=2002 |pmid=12484709 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
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{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | |||
[[Category:Toxicology]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
Revision as of 17:45, 15 March 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Hepatotoxicity implies chemical-driven liver damage. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents. Certain medicinal agents when taken in overdoses and sometime even when introduced within therapeutic ranges may injure the organ. Other chemical agents such as those used in laboratories and industries, natural chemicals (e.g. microcystins) and herbal remedies can also induce hepatotoxicity. Chemicals that cause liver injury are called hepatotoxins.
More than 900 drugs have been implicated in causing liver injury[1] and it is the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market. Chemicals often cause subclinical injury to liver which manifests only as abnormal liver enzyme tests. Drug induced liver injury is responsible for 5% of all hospital admissions and 50% of all acute liver failures.[2][3]
References
- ↑ Friedman, Scott E.; Grendell, James H.; McQuaid, Kenneth R. (2003). Current diagnosis & treatment in gastroenterology. New York: Lang Medical Books/McGraw-Hill. pp. p664–679. ISBN 0-8385-1551-7.
- ↑ McNally, Peter F. GI/Liver Secrets: with STUDENT CONSULT Access. Saint Louis: C.V. Mosby. ISBN 1-56053-618-7.
- ↑ Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiødt FV; et al. (2002). "Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States". Ann. Intern. Med. 137 (12): 947–54. PMID 12484709.