Arnold-Chiari malformation pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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*The [[brainstem]], cranial nerves, and the lower portion of the [[cerebellum]] may be stretched or compressed. | *The [[brainstem]], cranial nerves, and the lower portion of the [[cerebellum]] may be stretched or compressed. | ||
*Therefore, any of the functions controlled by these areas may be affected. The blockage of CSF flow may also cause a [[syrinx (medicine)|syrinx]] to form, eventually leading to [[syringomyelia]]. Many sufferers turn to the Chiari Institute in Long Island, NY for specialized medical attention and medication. | *Therefore, any of the functions controlled by these areas may be affected. The blockage of CSF flow may also cause a [[syrinx (medicine)|syrinx]] to form, eventually leading to [[syringomyelia]]. Many sufferers turn to the Chiari Institute in Long Island, NY for specialized medical attention and medication. | ||
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Other conditions sometimes associated with Chiari Malformation include [[hydrocephalus]],<ref name="urlNeuropathology For Medical Students">{{cite web|url=http://www.pathology.vcu.edu/WirSelfInst/neuro_medStudents/devdis.html |title=Neuropathology For Medical Students |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> [[syringomyelia]], [[spinal curvature]], [[tethered spinal cord syndrome]], and connective tissue disorders<ref name="Milhorat-2007">{{Cite journal|author=Milhorat TH, Bolognese PA, Nishikawa M, McDonnell NB, Francomano CA |title=Syndrome of occipitoatlantoaxial hypermobility, cranial settling, and chiari malformation type I in patients with hereditary disorders of connective tissue |journal=[[Journal of Neurosurgery|Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine]] |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=601–9 |year=2007 |month=December |pmid=18074684 |doi=10.3171/SPI-07/12/601 |url=http://thejns.org/doi/full/10.3171/SPI-07/12/601}}</ref> such as [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]] and [[Marfan Syndrome]].<div align="left"> | |||
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Image:Arnold-Chiari Malformation 0001.jpg|Brain: Arnold-Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section brain stem | Image:Arnold-Chiari Malformation 0001.jpg|Brain: Arnold-Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section brain stem | ||
Revision as of 14:00, 8 August 2019
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Arnold-Chiari malformation Microchapters |
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Differentiating Arnold-Chiari malformation from other Diseases |
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Arnold-Chiari malformation pathophysiology On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pathophysiology
- The most widely accepted pathophysiological mechanism by which Chiari Type 1 Malformations occur is by a reduction or lack of development of the posterior fossa as a result of either congenital or acquired disorders.
- The cerebellar tonsils are elongated and pushed down through the opening of the base of the skull (see foramen magnum), blocking the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- The brainstem, cranial nerves, and the lower portion of the cerebellum may be stretched or compressed.
- Therefore, any of the functions controlled by these areas may be affected. The blockage of CSF flow may also cause a syrinx to form, eventually leading to syringomyelia. Many sufferers turn to the Chiari Institute in Long Island, NY for specialized medical attention and medication.
Other conditions sometimes associated with Chiari Malformation include hydrocephalus,[1] syringomyelia, spinal curvature, tethered spinal cord syndrome, and connective tissue disorders[2] such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan Syndrome.
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Brain: Arnold-Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section brain stem -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section cerebrum brainstem and cerebellum -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation And Polygyria: Gross fix tissue external view
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section brainstem close-up -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue brain stem sagittal section close-up -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section brain stem and cerebellum
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue sagittal section brain stem cerebellum and spinal column -
Brain: Hydrocephalus Secondary To Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue three coronal sections cerebral hemispheres -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation: Gross fixed tissue cerebellum and brainstem
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Spinal cord: Malformation Vertebral Bodies: Gross natural color sagittal section spinal column with malformation in region C7 T1 associated with Arnold Chiari malformation -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation; with Hydrocephalus, Type I -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Type II
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Type II with Meningomyelocele -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Mid Sagittal -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation with Myelocele
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation with Hydrocephalus -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation with Hydrocephalus -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation, a close up view
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Tonsilar Herniation of Cerebellum Compressing Medulla -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Meningomyelocele, Type II, Meningitis -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type II; Meningomyelocele, Meningitis, Close-up of Previous one
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation, Intramedullary Hemorrhage -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type II -
Spinal Cord: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Type II, Meningomyelitis
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Spinal Cord: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Type II, Meningomyelitis -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation -
Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation; Note Z-Shaped Kink in Cervical Spinal Cord
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Brain: Arnold Chiari Malformation with Hydrocephalus
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Brain: Cerebellum Arnold Chiari: Gross fixed tissue flattened cerebellum -
Brain: Polymicrogyria: Gross fixed brain lateral view of left cerebral hemisphere case of Arnold Chiari cerebellum
References
- ↑ "Neuropathology For Medical Students".
- ↑ Milhorat TH, Bolognese PA, Nishikawa M, McDonnell NB, Francomano CA (2007). "Syndrome of occipitoatlantoaxial hypermobility, cranial settling, and chiari malformation type I in patients with hereditary disorders of connective tissue". Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine. 7 (6): 601–9. doi:10.3171/SPI-07/12/601. PMID 18074684. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)