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{{Cellulitis}}
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==Overview==
 
[[Group A streptococcal infection|Group A]] [[streptococcus]] and [[staphylococcus]]<ref name="pmid6768328">{{cite journal| author=Fleisher G, Ludwig S| title=Cellulitis: a prospective study. | journal=Ann Emerg Med | year= 1980 | volume= 9 | issue= 5 | pages= 246-9 | pmid=6768328 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6768328  }} </ref> are the most common causative agents of cellulitis. These bacteria are part of the normal flora living on the skin.
 
==Causes==
 
* The causative pathogen of cellulitis varies with the anatomical location and the patient’s medical and exposure history.


==Overview==
{| style="border: 2px solid #DCDCDC; font-size: 90%;"
[[Group A streptococcal infection|Group A]] [[streptococcus]] and [[staphylococcus]] <ref name="pmid6768328">{{cite journal| author=Fleisher G, Ludwig S| title=Cellulitis: a prospective study. | journal=Ann Emerg Med | year= 1980 | volume= 9 | issue= 5 | pages= 246-9 | pmid=6768328 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6768328  }} </ref> are the most common causative agents of cellulitis. These bacteria are part of the normal flora living on the skin.
|+ ''Predisposing factor, anatomical location, and likely etiology of cellulitis''<ref name="Swartz-2004">{{Cite journal | last1 = Swartz | first1 = MN. | title = Clinical practice. Cellulitis. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 350 | issue = 9 | pages = 904-12 | month = Feb | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMcp031807 | PMID = 14985488 }}</ref>
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC; width: 25%;" align=center | '''Predisposing Factor'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC; width: 15%;" align=center | '''Anatomical Location'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC; width: 40%;" align=center | '''Likely Etiology'''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Eyelid and periocular tissues
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | ''Staphylococcus aureus'', ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'', ''Streptococcus pyogenes''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Buccal cellulitis in Hib unvaccinated children
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Cheek
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | ''Haemophilus influenzae''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Cellulitis complicated by body piercing
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Ear, nose, umbilicus
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | ''S. aureus'', ''S. pyogenes''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Perianal cellulitis
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Perineum
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | ''S. pyogenes''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Subcutaneous injection of illicit drugs (“skin popping”)
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Extremities, neck
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | ''S. aureus'', ''Streptococcus'' (group A, C, F, G)
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Breast surgert with axillary lymph-node dissection
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Ipsilateral arm
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Non–group A hemolytic ''Streptococcus''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Harvest of saphenous vein
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Ipsilateral leg
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Group A or non–group A hemolytic ''Streptococcus''
|-
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Crepitant or gangrenous cellulitis
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | Extremities, Trunk
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=left valign=top | ''Clostridium'' or non–spore-forming anaerobes; alone or with ''E. coli'', or ''Klebsiella'', ''Aeromonas''
|}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]

Revision as of 14:49, 20 May 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

Group A streptococcus and staphylococcus[1] are the most common causative agents of cellulitis. These bacteria are part of the normal flora living on the skin.

Causes

  • The causative pathogen of cellulitis varies with the anatomical location and the patient’s medical and exposure history.
Predisposing factor, anatomical location, and likely etiology of cellulitis[2]
Predisposing Factor Anatomical Location Likely Etiology
Periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis Eyelid and periocular tissues Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes
Buccal cellulitis in Hib unvaccinated children Cheek Haemophilus influenzae
Cellulitis complicated by body piercing Ear, nose, umbilicus S. aureus, S. pyogenes
Perianal cellulitis Perineum S. pyogenes
Subcutaneous injection of illicit drugs (“skin popping”) Extremities, neck S. aureus, Streptococcus (group A, C, F, G)
Breast surgert with axillary lymph-node dissection Ipsilateral arm Non–group A hemolytic Streptococcus
Harvest of saphenous vein Ipsilateral leg Group A or non–group A hemolytic Streptococcus
Crepitant or gangrenous cellulitis Extremities, Trunk Clostridium or non–spore-forming anaerobes; alone or with E. coli, or Klebsiella, Aeromonas

References

  1. ↑ Fleisher G, Ludwig S (1980). "Cellulitis: a prospective study". Ann Emerg Med. 9 (5): 246–9. PMID 6768328.
  2. ↑ Swartz, MN. (2004). "Clinical practice. Cellulitis". N Engl J Med. 350 (9): 904–12. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp031807. PMID 14985488. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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