Tularemia risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Risk Factors

In the United States, most persons with tularemia acquire the infection from arthropod bites, particularly tick bites, or from contact with infected mammals, particularly rabbits. In recent years, a seasonal increase in incidence has occurred only in the late spring and summer months, when arthropod bites are most common. Outbreaks of tularemia in the United States have been associated with muskrat handling, tick bites, deerfly bites, and lawn mowing or cutting brush. Sporadic cases in the United States have been associated with contaminated drinking water and various laboratory exposures. Outbreaks of pneumonic tularemia, particularly in low-incidence areas, should prompt consideration of bioterrorism.