Traveler's diarrhea history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:28, 1 March 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.

Overview

History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea. A positive history of recent travel to a developing country within the past 4 months is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. Symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include diarrhea (either watery or bloody), nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating with or without fever. Less common symptoms may be related to complications of traveler's diarrhea and may include spontaneous bruising, oliguria/anuria, and painless gross hematuria.

History

History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea:

History of recent travel to developing country (typically within the past 4 months) (required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea)
Immunocompromised status
Pregnancy
Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat / poultry, raw milk, or poorly stored foods that require refrigerators (e.g. mayonnaise)
Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well)
Exposure to daycare
Exposure to healthcare settings (e.g. nursing homes or hospitals)
Exposure to contacts with similar symptoms
Recent history of receptive anal or oral-anal contact

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include:

Fever
Sudden-onset, mild/severe diarrhea that may either be watery or bloody
Bloating
Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain
Anorexia
Nausea
[[Vomiting]
Tenesmus
Thirst
Dizziness

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea are related to the development of complications. Symptoms may include:

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Traveler's diarrhea}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{YD}}; {{SSK}}
 ==Overview==
-The illness usually results in increased frequency, volume, and weight of [[stool]] with altered stool consistency.  Other commonly associated symptoms are [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], [[abdominal cramping]], [[bloating]], [[low fever]], [[urgency]], and [[malaise]], and usually the [[appetite is low or non-existent]].
+History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea. A positive history of recent travel to a developing country within the past 4 months is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. Symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include [[diarrhea]] (either [[watery diarrhea|watery]] or [[bloody diarrhea|bloody]]), [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], and [[bloating]] with or without [[fever]]. Less common symptoms may be related to complications of traveler's diarrhea and may include [[bruising|spontaneous bruising]], [[oliguria]]/[[anuria]], and [[Hematuria|painless gross hematuria]].
-==History and Symptoms==
+==History==
-The onset of TD usually occurs within the first week of travel but may occur at any time while traveling, and even after returning home. Most TD cases begin abruptly. The illness usually results in increased frequency, volume, and weight of [[stool]]. Altered stool consistency also is common. Typically, a traveler experiences four to five loose or watery [[bowel movement]]s each day. Other commonly associated symptoms are [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], [[abdominal cramping]], [[bloating]], [[low fever]], [[urgency]], and [[malaise]], and usually the [[appetite is low or non-existent]].
+History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea:
+*'''History of recent travel to developing country (typically within the past 4 months)''' (required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea)
+*Immunocompromised status
+*Pregnancy
+*Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat / poultry, raw milk, or poorly stored foods that require refrigerators (e.g. mayonnaise)
+*Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well)
+*Exposure to daycare
+*Exposure to healthcare settings (e.g. nursing homes or hospitals)
+*Exposure to contacts with similar symptoms
+*Recent history of  receptive anal or oral-anal contact
-It is much more serious if there is blood or mucus in the [[diarrhea]], [[belly pain]], or [[high fever]]. [[Dehydration]] is possible. With serious cases of [[cholera]], there is a rapid onset of symptoms, which include [[weakness]], [[malaise]] (feeling rotten), and torrents of watery diarrhea with flecks of mucus (called "rice water" stools).
+==Symptoms==
+===Common Symptoms===
+Common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include:
+*[[Fever]]
+*Sudden-onset, mild/severe [[diarrhea]] that may either be watery or bloody
+*[[Bloating]]
+*[[Abdominal pain|Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain]]
+*[[Anorexia]]
+*[[Nausea]]
+*[[Vomiting]
+*[[Tenesmus]]
+*[[Thirst]]
+*[[Dizziness]]
+===Less Common Symptoms===
+Less common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea are related to the development of complications. Symptoms may include:
+*[[Bruising|Spontaneous bruising]]
+*[[Hematuria|Painless gross hematuria]]
+*[[Oliguria]]/[[anuria]]
 == References ==