Mitral stenosis causes: Difference between revisions
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==Common Causes of Mitral Stenosis== | ==Common Causes of Mitral Stenosis== | ||
*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]: This is synonymous with [[rheumatic fever]] which occurs as a complication of group A streptococcal infection in genetically susceptible individuals. Rheumatic involvement is found in 99% of stenotic mitral valves evaluated at the time of valve replacement. | *[[Rheumatic heart disease]]: This is synonymous with [[rheumatic fever]] which occurs as a complication of [[group A streptococcal infection]] in genetically susceptible individuals. Rheumatic involvement is found in 99% of stenotic mitral valves evaluated at the time of valve replacement. | ||
*[[Prosthetic mitral valve]] | *[[Prosthetic mitral valve]] | ||
*Mitral annular calcification | *[[Mitral annular calcification]] | ||
* | *[[Bacterial endocarditis]] where the vegetations increase the risk of stenosis | ||
*[[Radiation treatment]] to the chest | *[[Radiation treatment]] to the chest | ||
*Some medications may cause mitral stenosis | *Some medications may cause mitral stenosis | ||
Revision as of 15:18, 15 January 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.; Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [3]
Overview
The majority of cases of mitral stenosis result from rheumatic heart disease, which occurs as a complication of group A streptococcal infection in genetically susceptible individuals. Some cases may be congenital.
Common Causes of Mitral Stenosis
- Rheumatic heart disease: This is synonymous with rheumatic fever which occurs as a complication of group A streptococcal infection in genetically susceptible individuals. Rheumatic involvement is found in 99% of stenotic mitral valves evaluated at the time of valve replacement.
- Prosthetic mitral valve
- Mitral annular calcification
- Bacterial endocarditis where the vegetations increase the risk of stenosis
- Radiation treatment to the chest
- Some medications may cause mitral stenosis
- Congenital mitral stenosis
Complete Differential Diagnosis for the Causes of Mitral Stenosis
| Cardiovascular | Atrial myxoma that may cause mitral valve obstruction, Bacterial endocarditis where the vegetations may favor increase risk of stenosis, Lutembacher syndrome, Mitral annular calcification, Primary causes of mitral stenosis that emanate from a cleft mitral valve, Prosthetic mitral valve and Rheumatic heart disease which is synonymous with rheumatic fever that occurs as a complication of group A streptococcal infection in genetically susceptible individuals.
Congenital mitral stenosis in which children may be born with mitral stenosis or other birth defects involving the heart that may cause mitral stenosis, such defects include: Double orifice mitral valve, Hypoplasia of mitral valve annulus which is considered part of the spectrum of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, Mitral valve commissural fusion, Shone's syndrome (consists a set of four cardiac defects: Parachute mitral valve, Supra-valve mitral membrane (SVMM), Sub-aortic stenosis and Coarctation of the aorta) and Thickened chordae tendinae. |
| Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | Some medications may cause mitral stenosis, such as Ergot preparations used for migraines and Nitrates. |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | Radiation. |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | Blood clots may obstruct the mitral valve. |
| Iatrogenic | Radiation treatment to the chest. |
| Infectious Disease | Bacterial endocarditis where the vegetations may favor increase risk of stenosis. |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | Atrial myxoma that may cause mitral valve obstruction. |
| Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal / Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | Ankylosing spondylitis and Rheumatic heart disease which is synonymous with rheumatic fever that occurs as a complication of group A streptococcal infection in genetically susceptible individuals. |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Mitral Stenosis
(In alphabetical order)