Acute pancreatitis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
''Acute [[pancreatitis]]'' is a rapidly-onset [[inflammation]] of the [[pancreas]]. Depending on its severity, it can have severe complications and high mortality despite treatment. While mild cases are often successfully treated with conservative measures, such as [[NPO]] (abstaining from any oral intake) and IV fluid rehydration, severe cases may require admission to the ICU or even surgery (often more than one intervention) to deal with complications of the disease process. | ''Acute [[pancreatitis]]'' is a rapidly-onset [[inflammation]] of the [[pancreas]]. Depending on its severity, it can have severe complications and high mortality despite treatment. While mild cases are often successfully treated with conservative measures, such as [[NPO]] (abstaining from any oral intake) and IV fluid rehydration, severe cases may require admission to the ICU or even surgery (often more than one intervention) to deal with complications of the disease process. | ||
==Historical Perspective== | |||
Dutch physician and anatomist, Nicholaes Tulp in the year 1652 gave the first clear description of [[acute pancreatitis]]. The first systemic analysis of acute pancreatitis was presented by Reginald Huber Fitz in 1889. During the 20th century many theories were proposed with regards to whether surgery is to be preferred as the initial approach to the treatment of acute pancreatitis. Hans Chiari in 1896 proposed that the basic mechanism of the disease was autodigestion of [[pancreas]]. The father of modern anatomical pathology, Giovanni Battista Morgagni gave the first description of pancreatic [[pseudocysts]]. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
Annual incidence in the U.S. is 18 per 100,000 population. In a European cross-sectional study, incidence of acute pancreatits increased from 12.4 to 15.9 per 100,000 annually from 1985 to 1995; however, mortality remained stable as a result of better outcomes.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Eland IA, Sturkenboom MJ, Wilson JH, Stricker BH |title=Incidence and mortality of acute pancreatitis between 1985 and 1995 |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=35 |issue=10 |pages=1110-6 |year=2000 |pmid=11099067 |doi=}}</ref> Another study showed a lower incidence of 9.8 per 100,000 but a similar worsening trend (increasing from 4.9 in 1963-74) over time.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Goldacre MJ, Roberts SE |title=Hospital admission for acute pancreatitis in an English population, 1963-98: database study of incidence and mortality |journal=BMJ |volume=328 |issue=7454 |pages=1466-9 |year=2004 |pmid=15205290 |doi=10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1466}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | |||
Revision as of 21:47, 11 February 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Acute pancreatitis is a rapidly-onset inflammation of the pancreas. Depending on its severity, it can have severe complications and high mortality despite treatment. While mild cases are often successfully treated with conservative measures, such as NPO (abstaining from any oral intake) and IV fluid rehydration, severe cases may require admission to the ICU or even surgery (often more than one intervention) to deal with complications of the disease process.
Historical Perspective
Dutch physician and anatomist, Nicholaes Tulp in the year 1652 gave the first clear description of acute pancreatitis. The first systemic analysis of acute pancreatitis was presented by Reginald Huber Fitz in 1889. During the 20th century many theories were proposed with regards to whether surgery is to be preferred as the initial approach to the treatment of acute pancreatitis. Hans Chiari in 1896 proposed that the basic mechanism of the disease was autodigestion of pancreas. The father of modern anatomical pathology, Giovanni Battista Morgagni gave the first description of pancreatic pseudocysts.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Annual incidence in the U.S. is 18 per 100,000 population. In a European cross-sectional study, incidence of acute pancreatits increased from 12.4 to 15.9 per 100,000 annually from 1985 to 1995; however, mortality remained stable as a result of better outcomes.[1] Another study showed a lower incidence of 9.8 per 100,000 but a similar worsening trend (increasing from 4.9 in 1963-74) over time.[2]
References
- ↑ Eland IA, Sturkenboom MJ, Wilson JH, Stricker BH (2000). "Incidence and mortality of acute pancreatitis between 1985 and 1995". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 35 (10): 1110–6. PMID 11099067.
- ↑ Goldacre MJ, Roberts SE (2004). "Hospital admission for acute pancreatitis in an English population, 1963-98: database study of incidence and mortality". BMJ. 328 (7454): 1466–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1466. PMID 15205290.