Dislocated patella classification: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Dislocated patella}} {{CMG}}; {{AE}} Grace M. Gibson ==Classification== There are four diagnostic grades of patellar luxation<ref>{{cite web | author = OFA | ...") |
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
There are four diagnostic grades of patellar luxation<ref>{{cite web | There are four diagnostic grades of patellar luxation,<ref>{{cite web | ||
| author = OFA | | author = OFA | ||
| title = Patellar Luxation | | title = Patellar Luxation | ||
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| url = http://www.offa.org/patluxinfo.html | | url = http://www.offa.org/patluxinfo.html | ||
| format = text/html | | format = text/html | ||
| accessdate = 2007-09-04}}</ref> | | accessdate = 2007-09-04}}</ref> each more severe than the previous: | ||
* Grade I - the patella can be manually luxated but is reduced (returns to the normal position) when released; | * Grade I - the patella can be manually luxated but is reduced (returns to the normal position) when released; | ||
* Grade II - the patella can be manually luxated or it can spontaneously luxate with [[flexion]] of the stifle joint. The patella remains luxated until it is manually reduced or when the animal extends the joint and derotates the [[tibia]] in the opposite direction of luxation; | * Grade II - the patella can be manually luxated or it can spontaneously luxate with [[flexion]] of the stifle joint. The patella remains luxated until it is manually reduced or when the animal extends the joint and derotates the [[tibia]] in the opposite direction of luxation; | ||
* Grade III - the patella remains luxated most of the time but can be manually reduced with the stifle joint in extension. Flexion and extension of the stifle results in reluxation of the patella; | * Grade III - the patella remains luxated most of the time but can be manually reduced with the stifle joint in extension. Flexion and extension of the stifle results in reluxation of the patella; | ||
* Grade IV - the patella is permanently luxated and cannot be manually repositioned. There may be up to 90¼ of rotation of the proximal tibial plateau. The [[femur|femoral]] [[trochlea]]r groove is shallow or absent, and there is displacement of the [[quadriceps]] muscle group in the direction of luxation. | * Grade IV - the patella is permanently luxated and cannot be manually repositioned. There may be up to 90¼ of rotation of the proximal tibial plateau. The [[femur|femoral]] [[trochlea]]r groove is shallow or absent, and there is displacement of the [[quadriceps]] muscle group in the direction of luxation. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Grace M. Gibson
Classification
There are four diagnostic grades of patellar luxation,[1] each more severe than the previous:
- Grade I - the patella can be manually luxated but is reduced (returns to the normal position) when released;
- Grade II - the patella can be manually luxated or it can spontaneously luxate with flexion of the stifle joint. The patella remains luxated until it is manually reduced or when the animal extends the joint and derotates the tibia in the opposite direction of luxation;
- Grade III - the patella remains luxated most of the time but can be manually reduced with the stifle joint in extension. Flexion and extension of the stifle results in reluxation of the patella;
- Grade IV - the patella is permanently luxated and cannot be manually repositioned. There may be up to 90¼ of rotation of the proximal tibial plateau. The femoral trochlear groove is shallow or absent, and there is displacement of the quadriceps muscle group in the direction of luxation.
References
- ↑ OFA. "Patellar Luxation" (text/html). Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Retrieved 2007-09-04.