Antepartum haemorrhage: Difference between revisions
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'''For patient information on Placental abruption, click [[Placental abruption (patient information)|here]]''' | '''For patient information on Placental abruption, click [[Placental abruption (patient information)|here]]''' | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
In [[obstetrics]], '''antepartum haemorrhage''' (APH), also '''antepartum hemorrhage''', is bleeding from the [[vagina]] during [[pregnancy]] from twenty weeks [[gestational age]] to term. | In [[obstetrics]], '''antepartum haemorrhage''' (APH), also '''antepartum hemorrhage''', is bleeding from the [[vagina]] during [[pregnancy]] from twenty weeks [[gestational age]] to term. | ||
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Bleeding without pain is most frequently [[bloody show]], which is benign; however, it may also be placenta previa (in which both the mother and fetus are in danger). Painful APH is most frequency placental abruption. | Bleeding without pain is most frequently [[bloody show]], which is benign; however, it may also be placenta previa (in which both the mother and fetus are in danger). Painful APH is most frequency placental abruption. | ||
== | ==Causes== | ||
* [[Bloody show]] (benign) - most common cause of APH | * [[Bloody show]] (benign) - most common cause of APH | ||
* [[Placental abruption]] - most common [[pathology|pathological]] cause | * [[Placental abruption]] - most common [[pathology|pathological]] cause | ||
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** [[Urinary tract]] bleed - [[urinary tract infection]] | ** [[Urinary tract]] bleed - [[urinary tract infection]] | ||
== | ==Related Chapters== | ||
* [[Obstetrical hemorrhage]] | * [[Obstetrical hemorrhage]] | ||
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[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Primary care]] | [[Category:Primary care]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
Revision as of 13:02, 15 March 2013
For patient information on Placental abruption, click here
For patient information on Placenta previa, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
In obstetrics, antepartum haemorrhage (APH), also antepartum hemorrhage, is bleeding from the vagina during pregnancy from twenty weeks gestational age to term.
It should be considered a medical emergency (regardless of whether there is pain) and medical attention should be sought immediately, as if it is left untreated it can lead to death of the mother and/or fetus.
Bleeding without pain is most frequently bloody show, which is benign; however, it may also be placenta previa (in which both the mother and fetus are in danger). Painful APH is most frequency placental abruption.
Causes
- Bloody show (benign) - most common cause of APH
- Placental abruption - most common pathological cause
- Placenta previa - second most common pathological cause
- Vasa previa - often difficult to diagnose, frequently leads to fetal demise
- Uterine rupture
- Bleeding from the lower genital tract
- Cervical bleeding - cervicitis, cervical neoplasm, cervical polyp
- Bleeding from the vagina itself - trauma, neoplasm
- Bleeding that may be confused with vaginal bleeding