Diabetic foot history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Diabetic foot}} | {{Diabetic foot}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{VVS}} | |||
== History and Symptoms== | |||
===Dermatologic Examination=== | |||
*Visual inspection of the skin: peeling skin, maceration, fissuring between toes | |||
*Skin temperature: Should be warm at the tibia cold at distal toe . | |||
*Look for deformities, charcot foot, hammer toe, and heels. | |||
===Vascular Assessment=== | |||
Pulses: Bilaterally, dorsalis pedis, posterior tibialis, popliteal and superficial femoral. | |||
ABI measurement: | |||
* Normal 1-1.3 | |||
* Non compressible calcified >1.3 | |||
* Stenosis <0.9 | |||
* Advanced ischemia <0.4 | |||
Arterial oxygen supply could also be measured by transcutaneous oxymetery | |||
===Neuropathy Assessment=== | |||
Symptoms including burning, pin, needles, at early stages | |||
Using neuropathy symptoms score (NSS)<ref name="pmid12421436">{{cite journal| author=Meijer JW, Smit AJ, Sonderen EV, Groothoff JW, Eisma WH, Links TP| title=Symptom scoring systems to diagnose distal polyneuropathy in diabetes: the Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom score. | journal=Diabet Med | year= 2002 | volume= 19 | issue= 11 | pages= 962-5 | pmid=12421436 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12421436 }} </ref> and neuropathy disability score (NDS),<ref name="pmid15317601">{{cite journal| author=Daousi C, MacFarlane IA, Woodward A, Nurmikko TJ, Bundred PE, Benbow SJ| title=Chronic painful peripheral neuropathy in an urban community: a controlled comparison of people with and without diabetes. | journal=Diabet Med | year= 2004 | volume= 21 | issue= 9 | pages= 976-82 | pmid=15317601 | doi=10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01271.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15317601 }} </ref>. Almost half of the patients with diabetes have some level of neuropathy prior to diagnosis. | |||
the physician should assess; | |||
*[[Muscle strength]] and tone | |||
*[[Temperature]] | |||
*[[Sensation]] | |||
*Light touch | |||
*Filament nerve conduction studies | |||
*Quantitative sensory testing and autonomic testing. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:41, 25 February 2013
|
Diabetic foot Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Diabetic foot history and symptoms On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Diabetic foot history and symptoms |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Diabetic foot history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishnu Vardhan Serla M.B.B.S. [2]
History and Symptoms
Dermatologic Examination
- Visual inspection of the skin: peeling skin, maceration, fissuring between toes
- Skin temperature: Should be warm at the tibia cold at distal toe .
- Look for deformities, charcot foot, hammer toe, and heels.
Vascular Assessment
Pulses: Bilaterally, dorsalis pedis, posterior tibialis, popliteal and superficial femoral. ABI measurement:
- Normal 1-1.3
- Non compressible calcified >1.3
- Stenosis <0.9
- Advanced ischemia <0.4
Arterial oxygen supply could also be measured by transcutaneous oxymetery
Neuropathy Assessment
Symptoms including burning, pin, needles, at early stages
Using neuropathy symptoms score (NSS)[1] and neuropathy disability score (NDS),[2]. Almost half of the patients with diabetes have some level of neuropathy prior to diagnosis. the physician should assess;
- Muscle strength and tone
- Temperature
- Sensation
- Light touch
- Filament nerve conduction studies
- Quantitative sensory testing and autonomic testing.
References
- ↑ Meijer JW, Smit AJ, Sonderen EV, Groothoff JW, Eisma WH, Links TP (2002). "Symptom scoring systems to diagnose distal polyneuropathy in diabetes: the Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom score". Diabet Med. 19 (11): 962–5. PMID 12421436.
- ↑ Daousi C, MacFarlane IA, Woodward A, Nurmikko TJ, Bundred PE, Benbow SJ (2004). "Chronic painful peripheral neuropathy in an urban community: a controlled comparison of people with and without diabetes". Diabet Med. 21 (9): 976–82. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01271.x. PMID 15317601.