Male contraceptive future or investigational therapies: Difference between revisions

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==Methods in development==
* '''[[Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance]]''' ([[RISUG]]) consists of injecting styrene maleic anhydride in dimethyl sulfoxide into the [[vas deferens]] and leads to long lasting sterility.  A second injection washes out the substance and restores fertility.  As of 2007, RISUG is in [[Clinical_trial#Phase_III|Phase III]] of human testing.<ref name="Finn"/>
* '''[[Vas-occlusive contraception]]''' consists of partially or completely blocking the [[vas deferens]], the tubes connecting the epididymis to the [[urethra]].  While a [[vasectomy]] removes a piece of each vas deferens, the ''intra vas device'' (IVD) and other injectable plugs only block the tubes until the devices are removed.<ref name="Finn"/>
* '''[[Heat-based contraception]]''' involves heating the testicles to a high temperature for a short period of time to prevent the formation of sperm. 
* '''[[Adjudin]]''', a non-toxic analog of lonidamine which, in tests on rats, has been shown to cause reversible infertility.<ref>Dolores D. Mruk and C. Yan Cheng.  Sertoli-Sertoli and Sertoli-Germ Cell Interactions and Their Significance in Germ Cell Movement in the Seminiferous Epithelium during Spermatogenesis. Endocrine Reviews (2004) 25 (5): 747-806</ref> The drug disrupts the junctions between nurse cells ([[Sertoli cells]]) in the testes and forming [[spermatids]]. The sperm are released prematurely and never become functional [[gametes]]. A new targeted delivery mechanism has made Adjudin much more effective.<ref>Mruk DD, Wong CH, Silvestrini B, Cheng CH (2006) [http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/nm1420.html A male contraceptive targeting germ cell adhesion] ''Nature Medicine'' advance access 29 October 2006.</ref>
* A '''male hormonal contraceptive''' combination protocol has been developed, involving injections of [[Depo-Provera]] to prevent [[spermatogenesis]], combined with the topical application of [[testosterone]] gel to provide hormonal support.<ref name="Finn">{{cite journal |author=Robert Finn  |title=Male Contraceptive Methods Are in the Pipeline  |journal=Ob.Gyn. News 42:28 May 1, 2007}}</ref><ref>Nuzzo R (2006) [http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-lab16oct16,0,4285327,full.story Beyond condoms: male hormonal contraceptives may finally be on track]. ''Los Angeles Times'', 16 October.</ref>
* Research has been performed on interference with the maturation of sperm in the [[epididymis]].<ref>Turner TT, Johnston DS, Jelinsky SA (2006) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=16458420&query_hl=1 Epididymal genomics and the search for a male contraceptive] ''Journal of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology''. Released as an Epub ahead of printing on 1 February 2006.</ref><ref>Gottwald U, Davies B, Fritsch M, Habenicht UF (2006) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=16442214&query_hl=1 New approaches for male fertility control: HE6 as an example of a putative target] ''Journal of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology''.  Released as an Epub ahead of printing on 23 January 2006. lIKE EWE
</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 16:25, 3 April 2013

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Methods in development

  • Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG) consists of injecting styrene maleic anhydride in dimethyl sulfoxide into the vas deferens and leads to long lasting sterility. A second injection washes out the substance and restores fertility. As of 2007, RISUG is in Phase III of human testing.[1]
  • Vas-occlusive contraception consists of partially or completely blocking the vas deferens, the tubes connecting the epididymis to the urethra. While a vasectomy removes a piece of each vas deferens, the intra vas device (IVD) and other injectable plugs only block the tubes until the devices are removed.[1]
  • Heat-based contraception involves heating the testicles to a high temperature for a short period of time to prevent the formation of sperm.
  • Adjudin, a non-toxic analog of lonidamine which, in tests on rats, has been shown to cause reversible infertility.[2] The drug disrupts the junctions between nurse cells (Sertoli cells) in the testes and forming spermatids. The sperm are released prematurely and never become functional gametes. A new targeted delivery mechanism has made Adjudin much more effective.[3]
  • A male hormonal contraceptive combination protocol has been developed, involving injections of Depo-Provera to prevent spermatogenesis, combined with the topical application of testosterone gel to provide hormonal support.[1][4]
  • Research has been performed on interference with the maturation of sperm in the epididymis.[5][6]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Robert Finn. "Male Contraceptive Methods Are in the Pipeline". Ob.Gyn. News 42:28 May 1, 2007.
  2. ↑ Dolores D. Mruk and C. Yan Cheng. Sertoli-Sertoli and Sertoli-Germ Cell Interactions and Their Significance in Germ Cell Movement in the Seminiferous Epithelium during Spermatogenesis. Endocrine Reviews (2004) 25 (5): 747-806
  3. ↑ Mruk DD, Wong CH, Silvestrini B, Cheng CH (2006) A male contraceptive targeting germ cell adhesion Nature Medicine advance access 29 October 2006.
  4. ↑ Nuzzo R (2006) Beyond condoms: male hormonal contraceptives may finally be on track. Los Angeles Times, 16 October.
  5. ↑ Turner TT, Johnston DS, Jelinsky SA (2006) Epididymal genomics and the search for a male contraceptive Journal of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. Released as an Epub ahead of printing on 1 February 2006.
  6. ↑ Gottwald U, Davies B, Fritsch M, Habenicht UF (2006) New approaches for male fertility control: HE6 as an example of a putative target Journal of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. Released as an Epub ahead of printing on 23 January 2006. lIKE EWE


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