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{{Acrocyanosis}}
{{Acrocyanosis}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}}
==Overview==


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Idiopathic]]
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{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | Atheromatous embolism, [[Myocardial infarction]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[Arsenic poisoning]], [[fucosidosis]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | Atheromatous embolism, [[myocardial infarction]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[arsenic poisoning]], [[fucosidosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ethylmalonic encephalopathy]], [[scleroderma]], [[fucosidosis]], atheromatous embolism, [[anorexia nervosa]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[arsenic poisoning]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Anorexia nervosa]], [[arsenic poisoning]], [[embolism|atheromatous embolism]], [[ethylmalonic encephalopathy]], [[fucosidosis]], [[scleroderma]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Antiphospholipid syndrome]], [[cold agglutinin disease]], [[cryoglobulinemia]], [[essential thrombocytopenia]], [[methemoglobinemia]], secondary [[polycythemia]], [[sulfhemoglobinemia]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[ethylmalonic encephalopathy]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Antiphospholipid syndrome]], [[cold agglutinin disease]], [[cryoglobulinemia]], [[essential thrombocytopenia]], [[ethylmalonic encephalopathy]], [[methemoglobinemia]], [[polycythemia|secondary polycythemia]], [[sulfhemoglobinemia]], [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Puffy hand syndrome, Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, [[fucosidosis]], brachial plexus neuropathy, [[stroke]], [[Buerger's disease]], [[erythromelalgia]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[antiphospholipid syndrome]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Antiphospholipid syndrome]], brachial plexus neuropathy, [[Buerger's disease]], [[erythromelalgia]], [[fucosidosis]], puffy hand syndrome, [[stroke]], Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Brachial plexus neuropathy, [[spinal cord injury]], [[stroke]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[ethylmalonic encephalopathy]], [[fucosidosis]], atheromatous embolism, [[arsenic poisoning]], Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Arsenic poisoning]], [[embolism|atheromatous embolism]], Brachial plexus neuropathy, [[ethylmalonic encephalopathy]], [[fucosidosis]], [[spinal cord injury]], [[stroke]], Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Arsenic poisoning]], [[anorexia nervosa]], atheromatous embolism
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[arsenic poisoning]], [[embolism|atheromatous embolism]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, [[wegener's granulomatosis]], atheromatous embolism, [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[embolism|Atheromatous embolism]], Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], asperger disease, [[schizophrenia]], Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[asperger syndrome|asperger disease]], [[schizophrenia]], Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]], pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[scleroderma]], [[arsenic poisoning]], [[wegener's granulomatosis]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Arsenic poisoning]], [[pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]], [[pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[scleroderma]], [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Atheromatous embolism, [[wegener's granulomatosis]], [[scleroderma]], [[waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[embolism|Atheromatous embolism]], [[scleroderma]], [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Buerger's disease]], [[erythromelalgia]], [[wegener's granulomatosis]], [[antiphospholipid syndrome]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Antiphospholipid syndrome]], [[Buerger's disease]], [[erythromelalgia]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"

Revision as of 03:54, 12 February 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Atheromatous embolism, myocardial infarction, pulmonary hypertension, arsenic poisoning, fucosidosis
Chemical / poisoning Arsenic poisoning
Dermatologic Acrocyanosis of infancy, black foot disease, fucosidosis, livedoid vasculopathy, remittent idiopathic necrotizing acrocyanosis, scleroderma, sulfhemoglobinemia, anorexia nervosa, Buerger's disease, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, waldenström macroglobulinemia

Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, wegener's granulomatosis, arsenic poisoning

Drug Side Effect Amphotericin B deoxycholate, butyl nitrate, imipramine, interferon 2 alpha
Ear Nose Throat Wegener's granulomatosis, Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental Arsenic poisoning
Gastroenterologic Anorexia nervosa, arsenic poisoning, atheromatous embolism, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, fucosidosis, scleroderma, waldenström macroglobulinemia
Genetic Genetic
Hematologic Antiphospholipid syndrome, cold agglutinin disease, cryoglobulinemia, essential thrombocytopenia, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, methemoglobinemia, secondary polycythemia, sulfhemoglobinemia, Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Antiphospholipid syndrome, brachial plexus neuropathy, Buerger's disease, erythromelalgia, fucosidosis, puffy hand syndrome, stroke, Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Neurologic Arsenic poisoning, atheromatous embolism, Brachial plexus neuropathy, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, fucosidosis, spinal cord injury, stroke, Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Nutritional / Metabolic Anorexia nervosa, arsenic poisoning, atheromatous embolism
Obstetric/Gynecologic Anorexia nervosa
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic Atheromatous embolism, Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, Wegener's granulomatosis
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa, asperger disease, schizophrenia, Van Bogaert-Hozay syndrome
Pulmonary Arsenic poisoning, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, scleroderma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, Wegener's granulomatosis
Renal / Electrolyte Atheromatous embolism, scleroderma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, Wegener's granulomatosis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Antiphospholipid syndrome, Buerger's disease, erythromelalgia, Wegener's granulomatosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental Wegener's granulomatosis
Miscellaneous Idiopathic, black foot disease

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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