Syncope causes: Difference between revisions

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==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-Threatening Causes===
===Life-Threatening Causes===
*[[Hemorrhage]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm]]
*[[Ventricular arrhythmia]]
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Arrhythmia]]
*[[Medication]]
*[[Vagal stimulation]]
===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acute coronary syndrome]],  [[acute myocardial infarction]],  [[acute myocarditis]],  [[Adams-Stokes syndrome]],  [[anomalous origins of coronary arteries]],  [[aortic aneurysm]],  [[aortic dissection]],  [[aortic stenosis]],  [[arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]],  [[atrial myxoma]],  [[atrioventricular block]],  [[AVNRT|AV nodal reentrant tachycardia]],  [[bifascicular block]],  [[bradyarrhythmia]], [[brugada syndrome]],  [[cardiac tamponade]],  [[catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]],  [[channelopathy]],  [[AV block|complete atrioventricular block]],  [[dehydration]],  [[dilated cardiomyopathy]],  [[epsilon wave]],  [[hemorrhage]],  [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]],  [[hypotension]],  [[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]],  [[long QT syndrome]],  [[mitral stenosis]], [[orthostatic hypotension]],  [[paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia]], persistent atrial flutter,  [[preexcitation syndrome]], prolonged corrected QT interval,  [[pulmonic stenosis]],  [[retroperitoneal hemorrhage]],  [[ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm]],  saddle embolus, [[second degree AV block]], short corrected QT interval, [[short QT syndrome]],  [[sick sinus syndrome]],  significant sinus pause,  [[subclavian steal syndrome]], supraventricular tachyarrhythmias,  [[third degree heart block]],  [[ventricular arrhythmia]],  [[ventricular tachycardia]],  [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carbon monoxide]],  [[cocaine]],  [[ethanol]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ACEI|ACE inhibitor]],  [[alpha blockers]],  [[amitriptyline]],  [[antiarrhythmics]],  [[antidepressants]],  [[antiemetics]], antihypertensive medications,  [[antipsychotic agents]],  [[barbiturates]],  [[beta blockers]],  [[bromocriptine]],  [[calcium channel blocker]],  [[chlorpheniramine]],  [[cinnarizine]],  [[clonidine]],  [[desipramine]],  [[digoxin]],  [[diphenhydramine]],  [[diuretics]],  [[dothiepin]], erectile dysfunction medications, ganglionic blockers,  [[hydralazine]],  [[hydroxyzine]],  [[L-dopa]],  [[nitrates]],  [[nortriptyline]],  [[opiates]],  [[phenothiazines]],  [[tricyclic antidepressants]],  [[vasodilators]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Channelopathy]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carotid sinus hypersensitivity]],  [[dysautonomia]],  [[Lewy body dementia]],  [[multiple system atrophy]],  [[parkinson disease]],  [[seizure]],  spincal cord injury,  [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]],  [[transient ischemic attack]],  [[vagal stimulation]],  vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atrial myxoma]],  [[carcinoid syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]],  [[anxiety]], emotional distress, hysterical faint, psychogenic pseudosyncope
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypoxia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Uremia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anaphylaxis]],  [[Takayasu's arteritis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Breath holding spell, choking game, [[cough]],  [[defecation]], [[deglutition]], drop attack, hair combing, heat illness,  [[hyperventilation]],  [[hypocapnia]],  [[hypoglycemia]], implanted device malfunction, laughing,  [[micturition]], post-exercise, postprandial hypotension,  prolonged bed rest,  sneeze, significant blood loss,  [[valsalva maneuver]],  [[vomiting]], weightlifting
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 01:45, 25 July 2013

Syncope Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Life-Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, acute myocarditis, Adams-Stokes syndrome, anomalous origins of coronary arteries, aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, aortic stenosis, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, atrial myxoma, atrioventricular block, AV nodal reentrant tachycardia, bifascicular block, bradyarrhythmia, brugada syndrome, cardiac tamponade, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, channelopathy, complete atrioventricular block, dehydration, dilated cardiomyopathy, epsilon wave, hemorrhage, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypotension, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, long QT syndrome, mitral stenosis, orthostatic hypotension, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, persistent atrial flutter, preexcitation syndrome, prolonged corrected QT interval, pulmonic stenosis, retroperitoneal hemorrhage, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, saddle embolus, second degree AV block, short corrected QT interval, short QT syndrome, sick sinus syndrome, significant sinus pause, subclavian steal syndrome, supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, third degree heart block, ventricular arrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical/Poisoning Carbon monoxide, cocaine, ethanol
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect ACE inhibitor, alpha blockers, amitriptyline, antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, antiemetics, antihypertensive medications, antipsychotic agents, barbiturates, beta blockers, bromocriptine, calcium channel blocker, chlorpheniramine, cinnarizine, clonidine, desipramine, digoxin, diphenhydramine, diuretics, dothiepin, erectile dysfunction medications, ganglionic blockers, hydralazine, hydroxyzine, L-dopa, nitrates, nortriptyline, opiates, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, vasodilators
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Gastrointestinal bleeding
Genetic Channelopathy
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Carotid sinus hypersensitivity, dysautonomia, Lewy body dementia, multiple system atrophy, parkinson disease, seizure, spincal cord injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack, vagal stimulation, vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Atrial myxoma, carcinoid syndrome
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa, anxiety, emotional distress, hysterical faint, psychogenic pseudosyncope
Pulmonary Hypoxia
Renal/Electrolyte Uremia
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis, Takayasu's arteritis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Breath holding spell, choking game, cough, defecation, deglutition, drop attack, hair combing, heat illness, hyperventilation, hypocapnia, hypoglycemia, implanted device malfunction, laughing, micturition, post-exercise, postprandial hypotension, prolonged bed rest, sneeze, significant blood loss, valsalva maneuver, vomiting, weightlifting

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


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