Chronic hypertension echocardiography: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Findings== | |||
According to the American Society of Echocardiography<ref name="pmid16376782">{{cite journal| author=Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA et al.| title=Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. | journal=J Am Soc Echocardiogr | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 12 | pages= 1440-63 | pmid=16376782 | doi=10.1016/j.echo.2005.10.005 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16376782 }} </ref>, LVH is defined as LV mass index > 95 g/m2 in women and 115 g/m2 in men using 2D echocardiography. | |||
The following findings in echocardiography are helpful for the diagnosis of LV dysfunction.<ref name="pmid17428822">{{cite journal| author=Paulus WJ, Tschöpe C, Sanderson JE, Rusconi C, Flachskampf FA, Rademakers FE et al.| title=How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology. | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 2007 | volume= 28 | issue= 20 | pages= 2539-50 | pmid=17428822 | doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehm037 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17428822 }} </ref> | |||
===Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction=== | |||
*LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% | |||
===Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction=== | |||
Often categorized according to tissue Doppler findings as: mild, moderate, or severe. | |||
*'''E/E’ > 15''': Ratio of early mitral valve flow (E) to early diastolic lengthening (E’) velocities | |||
*'''E/A < 0.5''': Ratio of peak early (E) to peak late (A) Doppler mitral valve flow velocity | |||
*'''Deceleration time of early Doppler mitral valve flow > 280 ms''' | |||
*'''LA volume indexed to body surface area > 40 mL/m2''' | |||
*'''LV mass inde > 122 g/m2 for women and > 149 g/m2 for men''' | |||
==2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines For The Management of Arterial Hypertension (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid23771844">{{cite journal| author=Authors/Task Force Members. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A et al.| title=2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 2013 | volume= 34 | issue= 28 | pages= 2159-219 | pmid=23771844 | doi=10.1093/eurheartj/eht151 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23771844 }} </ref>== | ==2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines For The Management of Arterial Hypertension (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid23771844">{{cite journal| author=Authors/Task Force Members. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A et al.| title=2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 2013 | volume= 34 | issue= 28 | pages= 2159-219 | pmid=23771844 | doi=10.1093/eurheartj/eht151 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23771844 }} </ref>== | ||
Revision as of 02:37, 6 November 2013
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Hypertension Main page |
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Overview
Findings
According to the American Society of Echocardiography[1], LVH is defined as LV mass index > 95 g/m2 in women and 115 g/m2 in men using 2D echocardiography. The following findings in echocardiography are helpful for the diagnosis of LV dysfunction.[2]
Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
- LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50%
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction
Often categorized according to tissue Doppler findings as: mild, moderate, or severe.
- E/E’ > 15: Ratio of early mitral valve flow (E) to early diastolic lengthening (E’) velocities
- E/A < 0.5: Ratio of peak early (E) to peak late (A) Doppler mitral valve flow velocity
- Deceleration time of early Doppler mitral valve flow > 280 ms
- LA volume indexed to body surface area > 40 mL/m2
- LV mass inde > 122 g/m2 for women and > 149 g/m2 for men
2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines For The Management of Arterial Hypertension (DO NOT EDIT)[3]
Summary of Recommendations on The Search for Asymptomatic Cardiovascular Disease (DO NOT EDIT)[3]
| Class IIa |
| "1. An echocardiogram should be considered to refine CV risk, and confirm ECG diagnosis of LVH, left atrial dilatation or suspected concomitant heart disease, when these are suspected. (Level of Evidence: B)" |
References
- ↑ Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA; et al. (2005). "Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology". J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 18 (12): 1440–63. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2005.10.005. PMID 16376782.
- ↑ Paulus WJ, Tschöpe C, Sanderson JE, Rusconi C, Flachskampf FA, Rademakers FE; et al. (2007). "How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology". Eur Heart J. 28 (20): 2539–50. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm037. PMID 17428822.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Authors/Task Force Members. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A; et al. (2013). "2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)". Eur Heart J. 34 (28): 2159–219. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht151. PMID 23771844.