Syncope causes: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}


==Overview==
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-Threatening Causes===
===Life-Threatening Causes===
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*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm]]
*[[Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm]]
*[[Ventricular arrhythmia]]
*[[Ventricular arrhythmia]]<ref name="Khoo-2013">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Khoo | first1 = C. | last2 = Chakrabarti | first2 = S. | last3 = Arbour | first3 = L. | last4 = Krahn | first4 = AD. | title = Recognizing life-threatening causes of syncope. | journal = Cardiol Clin | volume = 31 | issue = 1 | pages = 51-66 | month = Feb | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1016/j.ccl.2012.10.005 | PMID = 23217687 }}</ref>


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Arrhythmia]]
*[[Arrhythmia]]
*[[Medication]]
*[[Medication]]
*[[Orthostatic hypotension]]
*[[Vagal stimulation]]
*[[Vagal stimulation]]
*[[Vertebrobasilar insufficiency]]<ref name="Kapoor-2000">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kapoor | first1 = WN. | title = Syncope. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 343 | issue = 25 | pages = 1856-62 | month = Dec | year = 2000 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM200012213432507 | PMID = 11117979 }}</ref>


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carotid sinus hypersensitivity]], [[dysautonomia]], [[Lewy body dementia]], [[multiple system atrophy]], [[parkinson disease]], [[seizure]], [[spinal cord injury]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], [[transient ischemic attack]], [[vagal stimulation]], [[vertebrobasilar insufficiency]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carotid sinus hypersensitivity]], [[dysautonomia]], [[Lewy body dementia]], [[multiple system atrophy]], [[parkinson disease]], [[seizure]], [[spinal cord injury]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], [[transient ischemic attack]], [[vagal stimulation]], [[vertebrobasilar insufficiency]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atrial myxoma]], [[carcinoid syndrome]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atrial myxoma]], [[carcinoid syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[anxiety]], [[emotional stress]], [[Hysteria|hysterical faint]], [[Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures|psychogenic pseudosyncope]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[anxiety]], [[emotional stress]], [[Hysteria|hysterical faint]], [[Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures|psychogenic pseudosyncope]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anaphylaxis]], [[Takayasu's arteritis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anaphylaxis]], [[Takayasu's arteritis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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*[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]]
*[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]]
*[[L-dopa]]
*[[L-dopa]]
*[[Laughter-induced syncope|Laughing]]
*[[Laughter-induced syncope|Laughing]]<ref name="Nishida-2008">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nishida | first1 = K. | last2 = Hirota | first2 = SK. | last3 = Tokeshi | first3 = J. | title = Laugh syncope as a rare sub-type of the situational syncopes: a case report. | journal = J Med Case Rep | volume = 2 | issue =  | pages = 197 | month =  | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1186/1752-1947-2-197 | PMID = 18538031 }}</ref>
*[[Lewy body dementia]]
*[[Lewy body dementia]]
*[[Long QT syndrome]]
*[[Long QT syndrome]]
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*[[Bed rest|Prolonged bed rest]]
*[[Bed rest|Prolonged bed rest]]
*[[QT prolongation|Prolonged corrected QT interval]]
*[[QT prolongation|Prolonged corrected QT interval]]
*[[Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures|Psychogenic pseudosyncope]]
*[[Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures|Psychogenic pseudosyncope]]<ref name="Benbadis-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Benbadis | first1 = SR. | last2 = Chichkova | first2 = R. | title = Psychogenic pseudosyncope: an underestimated and provable diagnosis. | journal = Epilepsy Behav | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 106-10 | month = Aug | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.02.011 | PMID = 16697264 }}</ref>
*[[Pulmonic stenosis]]
*[[Pulmonic stenosis]]
*[[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
*[[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
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[[Category:Needs causes]]
[[Category:Needs causes]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Revision as of 17:24, 25 July 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Causes

Life-Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, acute myocarditis, Adams-Stokes syndrome, anomalous origins of coronary arteries, aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, aortic stenosis, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, atrial myxoma, atrioventricular block, AV nodal reentrant tachycardia, bifascicular block, bradyarrhythmia, brugada syndrome, cardiac tamponade, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, channelopathy, complete atrioventricular block, dehydration, dilated cardiomyopathy, epsilon wave, hemorrhage, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypotension, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, long QT syndrome, mitral stenosis, orthostatic hypotension, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, persistent atrial flutter, preexcitation syndrome, prolonged corrected QT interval, pulmonic stenosis, retroperitoneal hemorrhage, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, saddle embolus, second degree AV block, short corrected QT interval, short QT syndrome, sick sinus syndrome, significant sinus pause, subclavian steal syndrome, supraventricular tachyarrhythmia, third degree heart block, ventricular arrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical/Poisoning Carbon monoxide, cocaine, ethanol
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect ACE inhibitor, alpha blockers, amitriptyline, antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, antiemetics, antihypertensive medications, antipsychotic agents, barbiturates, beta blockers, bromocriptine, calcium channel blockerchlorpheniramine, cinnarizine, clonidine, desipramine, digoxin, diphenhydramine, diuretics, dothiepin, erectile dysfunction medications, ganglionic blocker, hydralazine, hydroxyzine, L-dopa, nitrates, nortriptyline, opiates, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, vasodilators
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Gastrointestinal bleeding
Genetic Channelopathy
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Carotid sinus hypersensitivity, dysautonomia, Lewy body dementia, multiple system atrophy, parkinson disease, seizure, spinal cord injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack, vagal stimulation, vertebrobasilar insufficiency
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Atrial myxoma, carcinoid syndrome
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa, anxiety, emotional stress, hysterical faint, psychogenic pseudosyncope
Pulmonary Hypoxia
Renal/Electrolyte Uremia
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis, Takayasu's arteritis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Breath holding spells, choking game, cough, defecation, deglutition, drop attack, hair combing, heat illness, hyperventilation, hypocapnia, hypoglycemia, implanted cardioverter defibrillator malfunction, laughing, micturition, post-exercise, postprandial hypotension, prolonged bed rest, sneeze, significant blood loss, valsalva maneuver, vomiting, weightlifting

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Khoo, C.; Chakrabarti, S.; Arbour, L.; Krahn, AD. (2013). "Recognizing life-threatening causes of syncope". Cardiol Clin. 31 (1): 51–66. doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2012.10.005. PMID 23217687. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Kapoor, WN. (2000). "Syncope". N Engl J Med. 343 (25): 1856–62. doi:10.1056/NEJM200012213432507. PMID 11117979. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Nishida, K.; Hirota, SK.; Tokeshi, J. (2008). "Laugh syncope as a rare sub-type of the situational syncopes: a case report". J Med Case Rep. 2: 197. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-2-197. PMID 18538031.
  4. ↑ Benbadis, SR.; Chichkova, R. (2006). "Psychogenic pseudosyncope: an underestimated and provable diagnosis". Epilepsy Behav. 9 (1): 106–10. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.02.011. PMID 16697264. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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