Idioventricular rhythm: Difference between revisions
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===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
*[[Acute | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
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*[[Acetylcholine]] | |||
*[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | |||
*[[Acute rheumatic fever]] | |||
*[[Amiodarone]] | |||
*[[Andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis]] | |||
*[[Anthracyclines]] | |||
*[[Beta-blockers]] | |||
*[[Brugada syndrome]] | *[[Brugada syndrome]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Calcium channel blockers]] | ||
*[[ | *[[carbamate|Carbamate poisoning]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Cardiac catheterization]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Cardiac resynchronization therapy]] | ||
*[[Cardiac transplantation]] | |||
*[[Cardiac tumor]] | |||
*[[Cholinesterase inhibitors]] | |||
*[[Complete heart block]] | |||
*[[Congenital heart disease]] | |||
*[[Congestive heart failure]] | |||
*[[Coronary artery bypass grafting]] | |||
*[[Daunorubicin]] | |||
*[[Diabetic ketoacidosis]] | |||
*[[Digitalis]] | |||
*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]] | |||
*[[Doxorubicin]] | |||
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*[[Edrophonium]] | |||
*[[Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy]] | |||
*[[Epirubicin]] | |||
*[[Heart surgery]] | |||
*[[Hyperkalemia]] | |||
*[[Hypermagnesemia]] | |||
*[[Hypertensive heart disease]] | |||
*[[Hyperthyroidism]] | |||
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]] | |||
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy alcohol septal ablation]] | |||
*[[Hypocalcemia]] | |||
*[[Hypothermia]] | *[[Hypothermia]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Hypoxia]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Idarubicin]] | ||
*[[Myocardial | *[[regional anesthesia|Infraclavicular brachial plexus block]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Ischemic heart disease]] | ||
*[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]] | |||
*[[Kearns-Sayre syndrome]] | |||
*[[Lev's disease]] | |||
*[[Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy|Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B)]] | |||
*[[Long QT syndrome]] | |||
*[[Muscular dystrophy]] | |||
*[[Myocardial bridging]] | |||
*[[Myocardial contusion]] | |||
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*[[Myocardial infarction]] | |||
*[[Myocarditis]] | |||
*[[Myotonic dystrophy]] | |||
*[[Neonatal lupus erythematosus]] | |||
*[[Neostigmine]] | |||
*[[NSTEMI]] | |||
*[[organophosphate|Organophosphate poisoning]] | |||
*[[parathion|Parathion poisoning]] | |||
*[[Pericarditis]] | |||
*[[Procainamide]] | |||
*[[hypothyroidism|Profound hypothyroidism]] | |||
*[[Propafenone]] | |||
*[[Propofol]] | |||
*[[Pyridostigmine]] | |||
*[[Quinidine]] | |||
*[[Renal failure]] | |||
*[[Romano-Ward syndrome]] | |||
*[[anorexia nervosa|Severe anorexia nervosa]] | |||
*[[brain damage|Severe brain injury]] | |||
*[[STEMI]] | |||
*[[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy]] | |||
*[[Timothy syndrome]] | |||
*[[Tramadol]] | |||
*[[Valvular heart disease]] | |||
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==Differentiating Idioventricular Rhythm from other Diseases== | ==Differentiating Idioventricular Rhythm from other Diseases== | ||
Revision as of 23:55, 27 August 2013
For patient information, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Synonyms and keywords: IVR
Overview
Normally, the SA node is responsible for triggering each heart beat that results in ventricular contraction. However, if the ventricle does not receive triggering signals at a rate high enough, the ventricular myocardium itself becomes the pacemaker or escape rhythm. This is called idioventricular rhythm.
Pathophysiology
Idioventricular rhythm originates in the ventricular area and the depolarization wave spreads either partially through the electrical conduction system or completely via direct cell-to-cell transmission. Idioventricular rhythm can occur as an escape rhythm, or as an increased automaticity of a single ventricular ectopic pacemaker. This increased automaticity may lead to rates that are faster than the intrinsic rate of the upper pacemakers. The intrinsic rate in idioventricular rhythm is most commonly between 30 and 50 BPM, but the rhythm can be anywhere from 20 to 50 BPM. The idioventricular complexes will have the morphological characteristics of the ventricular escape complex, two ventricular escape complexes, two ventricular escape complexes with associated AV dissociation or ectopic ventricular complexes.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Idioventricular rhythm is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes. Life-threatening conditions can result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
- Acute rheumatic fever
- Amiodarone
- Beta-blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Cardiomyopathy
- Congestive heart failure
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Digoxin
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypertensive heart disease
- Hypothermia
- NSTEMI
- Organophosphate poisoning
- Severe brain injury
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Differentiating Idioventricular Rhythm from other Diseases
Below is a Venn diagram to illustrate some of the similarities and disparities between different ventricular escape rhythms.
