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Created page with "{{WBRQuestion |QuestionAuthor={{AO}} |ExamType=USMLE Step 1 |MainCategory=Immunology, Microbiology |SubCategory=General Principles |MainCategory=Immunology, Microbiology |SubC..."
 
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{{WBRQuestion
{{WBRQuestion
|QuestionAuthor={{AO}}
|QuestionAuthor={{AO}} {{Alison}}
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1
|MainCategory=Immunology, Microbiology
|MainCategory=Immunology, Microbiology
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|MainCategory=Immunology, Microbiology
|MainCategory=Immunology, Microbiology
|SubCategory=General Principles
|SubCategory=General Principles
|Prompt=With effect from December 14, 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) commenced a new vaccination criteria to help decide which vaccines should be required as part of the immigration process.  Therefore, the human papillomavirus (HPV) and zoster vaccines were removed from the list of vaccines because these viruses are not known to cause outbreaks.
|Prompt=On December 14, 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established updates to the vaccinations required for immigration to the United States.   


Which of the following is an inactivated/killed vaccine?
Which of the following is an inactivated/killed vaccine?
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|Explanation= A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.  A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and keep a record of it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.
|Explanation= A vaccine is a biological preparation that establishes immunity to a particular disease.  A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a pathogen and is often made from an inactivated or killed form of the microorganism, its toxins, or surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and keep a record of it, so that in the future, when the pathogen enters the body the immune response is expedited.
Vaccines may be prophylactic (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by any natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (e.g. vaccines against cancer are also being investigated).


There are four major types of vaccines:
There are four major types of vaccines:


[[File:WBR Question 0608.JPG]]
[[File:WBR Question 0608.JPG]]
|AnswerA=Yellow fever
|AnswerA= Oral polio vaccine (OPV)
|AnswerAExp=This is a live, attenuated vaccine.
|AnswerAExp=This is a live, attenuated vaccine.


|AnswerB=Typhoid vaccine
|AnswerB=Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
|AnswerBExp=This is a live, attenuated vaccine.
|AnswerBExp=This is a live, attenuated vaccine.


|AnswerC=Diphtheria
|AnswerC=Tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine
|AnswerCExp=This is an example of a toxoid or inactivated toxin.
|AnswerCExp=This is an example of a toxoid or inactivated toxin.
|AnswerD=Human papillomavirus (HPV)
|AnswerD=Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Revision as of 15:47, 3 July 2014
Author [[PageAuthor::Ayokunle Olubaniyi, M.B,B.S [1] (Reviewed by Alison Leibowitz)]]
Exam Type ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category MainCategory::Immunology, MainCategory::Microbiology
Sub Category SubCategory::General Principles
Prompt [[Prompt::On December 14, 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established updates to the vaccinations required for immigration to the United States.

Which of the following is an inactivated/killed vaccine?]]

Answer A AnswerA::Oral polio vaccine (OPV)
Answer A Explanation AnswerAExp::This is a live, attenuated vaccine.
Answer B AnswerB::Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
Answer B Explanation AnswerBExp::This is a live, attenuated vaccine.
Answer C AnswerC::Tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine
Answer C Explanation AnswerCExp::This is an example of a toxoid or inactivated toxin.
Answer D AnswerD::Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Answer D Explanation AnswerDExp::This belongs to the group subunit/conjugate type i.e., they are prepared using a protein subunit of the microorganism or using a poorly immunogenic polysaccharide capsule.
Answer E AnswerE::Hepatitis A vaccine
Answer E Explanation AnswerEExp::This is an example of an inactivated or heat killed vaccine.
Right Answer RightAnswer::E
Explanation [[Explanation::A vaccine is a biological preparation that establishes immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a pathogen and is often made from an inactivated or killed form of the microorganism, its toxins, or surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and keep a record of it, so that in the future, when the pathogen enters the body the immune response is expedited.

There are four major types of vaccines:


Educational Objective:
References: ]]

Approved Approved::No
Keyword WBRKeyword::Live vaccines, WBRKeyword::killed vaccines
Linked Question Linked::
Order in Linked Questions LinkedOrder::
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